Chapter 11 Flashcards
How do you convert Celsius to Fahrenheit
Multiply Celsius by 1.8 than 32
Conduction
One solid to another through direct contact
convection
Moving heat from one place to another by motion of gas or liquid across a heated surface
Radiation
Heat given off in form of infared rays
Evaporation
Heat lost when fluid evaporates
Primary heat dissipation during exercise,80% heat lost
How do you convert Fahrenheit to Celsius
Subtract 32 from Fahrenheit then divided by 1.8
What is the body’s temperature during exercise
40 degree C
104 degree F
What is the internal body temperature in active muscles
32 degree C
107.6 degree F
What is preoptic- anterior hypothalamus
Monitors temperature & accelerating heat loss/ heat production as needed.
What are peripheral & central thermoreceptors
Peripheral thermoreceptors in skin & central thermoreceptors in brain transmit information about the body’s internal temperature
What is the cardiovascular function in the heart
Circulatory system continues to transport blood to the working muscle & increase blood flow to the skin for thermoregulation
What are the four variables of environmental heat load
Air temperature
Humidity
Air velocity
Amount of thermo radiation
Heat cramps (symptoms &treatments)
Symptoms: severe painful cramping of the large muscle groups
Treatments: move to cool area& drink fluids
Heat exhaustion (symptoms and treatments)
Symptoms: extreme fatigue, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, fainting and rapid pulse
treatments: move to cool environment & elevate feet above heart
Heat stroke (symptoms and treatments)
Symptoms: high internal body temperature cessation of active sweat, rapid pulse and respiration, confusion
Treatments: rapidly cool body in cold water & seek medical attention
Preventing hyperthermia
Avoid exercising in humid conditions above 28 Celsius (82.4 Fahrenheit)
How long does it take to achieve heat acclamation
For one hour or more each day for 9 to 14 days during exercise in heat
Shivering
Involves rapid involuntary cycle of contraction and relaxation of muscles to increase heat production
Non-shivering thermogenesis
stimulation of metabolism by the sympathetic nervous system
Peripheral vasoconstriction
reduces blood flow to skin
What are 4 factors that affect body heat loss
- Body size and composition
- Air temperature
- Windchill
- Water immersion
Hypothermia
34.5 Celsius (94.1 Fahrenheit)
causes heart rate to drop from impaired cardiac conduction through SA node
Frost bite
At or below 0Celsius (32 Fahrenheit)
Two reasons why heat is lost in Cold water
Water has thermal conductivity about 26 times greater than air
heat loss is four times faster in water
