Chapter 7 - Attitudes and Attitude Change

Question 1

Attitudes

Answer 1

evaluations of people, objects, or ideas

Question 2

Three components of attitudes

Answer 2

• cognitive component: the thoughts and beliefs people form about the attitude object
• affective component: people’s emotional reactions toward the attitude object
• behavioral component: how people act toward the attitude object

Question 3

Explicit attitudes

Answer 3

attitudes we consciously endorse in and can easily report

Question 4

Implicit attitudes

Answer 4

attitudes that exist outside of our consicous awareness

Question 5

Attitude accessibility

Answer 5

the strength of the association between an attitude object and a person’s evaluation of that object, measured with the speed with which people can report how they feel about the object

Question 6

Theory of planned behavior

Answer 6

people’s intentions are the best predictiors of their deliberate behaviors, which are determined by their attitudes toward specific behaviors, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control

Question 7

Subjective norms

Answer 7

people’s beliefs about how others they care about will view their behavior in question

Question 8

Perceived behavioral control

Answer 8

people’s intentions are influenced by the ease with which they believe they can perform the behavior

Question 9

Yale attitude change approach

Answer 9

the study of the conditions under which people are most likely to change their attitudes in response to persuasive messages, focusing on the source of the communication, the nature of the communication, and the nature of the audience

Question 10

Elaboration likelihood model of persuasion

Answer 10

explains two ways in which persuasive communications can cause attitude change
- central route to persuasion
- peripheral route to persuasion

Question 11

Central route to persuasion

Answer 11

the case in which people have both the ability and the motivation to elaborate on a persuasive communication, listening carefully to and thinking about the arguments presented

Question 12

Peripheral route to persuasion

Answer 12

the case in which people do not elaborate on the arguments in a persuasive communication but are instead swayed by more superficial cues

Question 13

Fear-arousing communication

Answer 13

a persuasive message that tries to change people’s attitudes by arousing their fears

Question 14

Heuristic systematic model of persuasion

Answer 14

an explanation of the two ways in which persuasive communications can cause attitude change: either systematically processing the merits of the arguments or using mental shortcuts or heuristics

Question 15

Subliminal messages

Answer 15

words or pictures that are not consciously perceived but may nevertheless influence judgements, attitudes, and behaviors

Question 16

Attitude inoculation technique

Answer 16

making people immune to attitude change by exposing people to small doses of arguments against their position