Chapter 13 - Prejudice

Question 1

Prejudice

Answer 1

a hostile or negative attitude toward people in a distinguishable group based solely on their membership in that group

Question 2

Stereotype

Answer 2

a generalization about a group of people in which certain traits are assigned to virtually all members of the group, regardless of actual variation among the members

Question 3

Discrimination

Answer 3

unjustified negative or harmful action toward a member of a group solely because of their membership in that group

Question 4

Implicit association test

Answer 4

a test that measures the speed with which people can pair a target face with positive or negative stimuli reflecting unconscious (implicit) prejudices

Question 5

Social identity threat

Answer 5

elicited when people perceive that others are evaluating them as a member of their group instead of as an individual

Question 6

Institutional discrimination

Answer 6

practices that discriminate legally or illegally against a minority group by virtue of its ethnicity, gender, culture, age, sexual orientation, or other target of societal or company prejudice

Question 7

Ethnocentrism

Answer 7

the belief that one’s own ethnic group, nation, or religion is superior to all others

Question 8

In-group bias

Answer 8

the tendency to favor members of one’s own group and give them special preference over people who belong to other groups

Question 9

Out-group homogeneity

Answer 9

the perception that individuals in the out-group are more similar to each other than they really are, as well as more similar than the members of the in-group are

Question 10

Blaming the victim

Answer 10

the tendency to blame individuals for their victimization, typically motivated by a desire to see the world as a fair place

Question 11

Realistic conflict theory

Answer 11

states that limited resources lead to conflict between groups and result in increased prejudice and discrimination

Question 12

The contact hypothesis

Answer 12

the view that social interactions between social groups would reduce prejudice

Question 13

Interdependence

Answer 13

the situation that exists when two or more groups need to depend on one another to accomplish a goal that is important to each of them

Question 14

Jigsaw classroom

Answer 14

a classroom setting designed to reduce prejudice and raise the self-esteem of children by placing them in small, multiethnic groups and making each child depend on the other children in the group to learn the course material