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Practice Questions > Chapter 7 - Age- and Sex-Related Differences and Their Implications for Resistance Exercise > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - Age- and Sex-Related Differences and Their Implications for Resistance Exercise Flashcards

1
Q

An 8-year-old boy dramatically increased his upper body strength after following a six-month resistance training program. Which of the following is MOST likely responsible for this gain?

a. increased number of muscle fibers
b. enhanced cross-sectional area
c. greater muscle density
d. improved neuromuscular functioning

A

d. improved neuromuscular functioning

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2
Q

Growth cartilage in children is located at all of the following EXCEPT the

a. diaphysis
b. epiphyseal plate
c. joint surface
d. apophyseal insertion

A

a. diaphysis

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3
Q

The condition characterized by a bone mineral density more than 2.5 SD below the young adult mean is called…

a. sarcopenia
b. osteopenia
c. osteoporosis
d. scoliosis

A

c. osteoporosis

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4
Q

Which of the following should be evaluated FIRST when one is designing a training program for a 68-year- old competitive female tennis player?

a. cardiovascular fitness
b. lower body strength
c. balance and agility
d. medical history

A

d. medical history

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5
Q

Deconditioned female college athletes who participate in sports such as basketball and soccer appear to be at increased risk for developing injuries to the

a. back
b. knee
c. wrist
d. neck

A

b. knee

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6
Q

Development period between childhood and adulthood with accelerated growth and sexual maturation

A

Adolescence

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7
Q

State of full physical and sexual maturity in men and women

A

Adulthood

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8
Q

The absence of a menstrual cycle for more than 3 months

A

Amenorrhea

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9
Q

Ligament in the front of the knee

A

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

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10
Q

Location of tendon insertion along the diaphysis where growth cartilage is located

A

Apophyseal

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11
Q

Human age measured in terms of skeletal age, physique maturity, or sexual maturation

A

Biological age

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12
Q

Period of life before the development of secondary sex characteristics

A

Childhood

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13
Q

The age in months or years

A

Chronological age

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14
Q

Muscle contraction following ground contract

A

Cocontraction

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15
Q

The natural progression from prenatal life to adulthood

A

Development

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16
Q

The central shaft of a long bone

A

Diaphysis

17
Q

Slender and tall build

A

Ectomorphic

18
Q

Rounded build with broader hips

A

Endomorphic

19
Q

The interrelationship between menstrual function, energy availability, and bone mineral density in female athletes

A

Female athlete triad

20
Q

Increase in body size or particular body part

A

Growth

21
Q

Secondary ossification centers found on the epiphyseal growth plate, joint surface, and apophyseal insertions of muscle-tendon units

A

Growth cartilage

22
Q

The process of becoming mature and fully-functional

A

Maturation

23
Q

The onset of menstruation

A

Menarche

24
Q

Muscular build with broad shoulders

A

Mesomorphic

25
Q

Ages above 65 years old

A

Older

26
Q

Loss of bone mineral density between -1 and -2.5 standard deviations from the adult mean

A

Osteopenia

27
Q

Loss of bone mineral density below -2.5 standard deviations from the adult mean

A

Osteoporosis

28
Q

age of maximal growth during a puberty growth spurt

A

Peak height velocity (PHV) ​

29
Q

muscle contraction before ground contact

A

Preactivation

30
Q

the period of time in which secondary sex characteristics develop and a child transitions to young adulthood

A

Puberty

31
Q

Exercise involving a wide range of resistive loads to enhance physical health and performance

A

Resistance exercise

32
Q

Loss of muscle mass and strength associated with age

A

Sarcopenia

33
Q

Age above 65

A

Senior

34
Q

Amount of time spent following a structured, well-planned resistance training program

A

Training age

35
Q

Children and adolescents

A

Youth

36
Q

Child or adolescent athlete

A

Young athlete

Practice Questions (8 decks)

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