Chapter 7 - Acute Injuries: Assessment and Disposition

Question 1

What is is called when all four limbs are in extension as a neurological sign?

Answer 1

decerebrate rigidity

Question 2

What is is called when the arms are flexed and the legs are in extension as a neurological sign?

Answer 2

decorticate rigidity

Question 3

What is anisocoria?

Answer 3

Uneven pupils

Question 4

What does AVPU stand for?

Answer 4

Alert - fully awake
Voice - responds to verbal
Pain - responds to pain
Unresponsive - does not respond

Question 5

List the GCS categories for Eye Opening.

Answer 5

4 = spontaneous
3 = with voice
2 = with pain
1 = no response

Question 6

List the GCS categories for Verbal Response.

Answer 6

5 = normal conversation
4 = confused conversation
3 = words, not cohearant
2 = sounds only
1 = no response

Question 7

List the GCS categories for Motor Response.

Answer 7

6 = normal response
5 = localizes pain
4 = withdraws from pain
3 = decorticate
2 = decerebrate
1 = no response

Question 8

What is the GCS for an athlete that does not respond to painful stimuli, is not making any sounds, and has no movement.

Answer 8

GCS = 3

Question 9

You approach an athlete that has their eyes open, but is speaking incoherantly. When you touch their injured hand, they pull their hand away.

Answer 9

GCS = 11

Question 10

What is ecchymosis behind the ear called and what does it indicate?

Answer 10

Battle sign, potential basilar skull fracture

Question 11

What is ecchymosis under the eyes called and what does it indicate?

Answer 11

Raccoon eyes, potential facial fracure or basilar skull fracture

Question 12

T/F: A battle sign will develop quite quickly after a head trauma, so it is imported to monitor behind the athlete’s ears after the initial contact.

Answer 12

False, can take days to develop. May be bloody drainage from ears immediately after.

Question 13

What are the six vital signs?

Answer 13

1. HR
2. BP
3. Pulse Ox
4. Respiration
5. Temperature
6. PERRLA

Question 14

What is the normal respiratory rate range in adults?

Answer 14

10-25 breaths

Question 15

What is the normal respiratory rate range in children?

Answer 15

20-25 breaths

Question 16

T/F: removal of protective equipment should take place after the athlete has been placed on a spinal board.

Answer 16

False, before

Question 17

What re the indications for using SMR?

Answer 17

1) Blunt trauma with altered LOC
2) Spinal pain or tenderness
3) Nerological symptoms
4) Deformity of the spine

also if distracting injury, drug or alcohol impairment, or innability to communicate

Question 18

What is the correct intervention for a mild asthma attack?

Answer 18

Remove from play and administer inhaler

Question 19

What is the correct intervention for a moderate asthma attack?

Answer 19

removed from play and environment, inhaler administered, O2 given if needed.

Question 20

When should a moderate asthma attack go to the hospital?

Answer 20

If they are not improved after 3 inhaler uses

Question 21

What is the correct intervention for a moderate asthma attack?

Answer 21

Remove from play, administer O2 and inhaler, activate EMS

Question 22

What are the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia

Answer 22

increased HR, palpitations, nervousness, sweating, hunger, headache, dizziness, unconscious (severe)

Question 23

What blood sugar level is considered mild hypoglycemia?

Answer 23

60-70 mg per dL

Question 24

What blood sugar level is considered severe hypoglycemia?

Answer 24

below 40 mg per dL

Question 25

T/F: chocolate is an excellant source of carbohydrates to counteract a hypogycemic episode because of its high sugar content.

Answer 25

False, its high fat content interferes with the absorption of sugar

Question 26

T/F: If a person is unconscious and unable to eat during a hypoglycemic attack, sugar can be placed under their tongue as an alternate route of absorptions through the mucas membrane.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

What are the two criteria for exertional heat stroke?

Answer 27

Core temperature greater than 104 F - 105 F and CNS dysfuntion

Question 28

What is considered a successful treatment of EHS?

Answer 28

Dropping the core tempurature to under 102 F in within 30 min of collapse

Question 29

Which disorder usually contains: muscle twinge prior to cramping, painful muscle cramps, athlete “hobbling to ground” due to cramps, visible muscle cramps & pain

Answer 29

Exertional cramping

Question 30

Which disorder usually contains: no muscle twinge prior to cramping, muscle cramps with minimal pain, athlete “drops to ground” due to weakness, musculature seems normal, athlete quiet

Answer 30

Exertional sickling