Chapter 10 - Tissue Healing and Wound Care Flashcards
What is the medical name for failure point in a material?
Elastic limit or yield point
What is it called when a structure is more resistant to forces at certain angles?
Ansiotropic
What is a force acting on the long axis of a structure?
Axial force
What is axial force that produces a crushing effect?
Compressive force
What is axial force in the opposite direction as compression?
Tensile force
Which force acts parallel to the surface of an object?
shear force
What is the definition of mechanical stress?
Force divided by surface area that the force is applied to
What is the definition of mechanical strain?
Amount of deformation an object undergoes in response to a force
What two factors influence torque?
Magnitude of force and moment arm
What is forces in opposite direction in a long bone called?
Bending moment
T/F: When a bone is subjected to bending moments, the side experiencing compression will break first.
False, the side experiencing tension will break first
Torque around the long axis of a bone is called what?
Torsion
What are the two main fibers in soft tissue?
Collagen and elastin
T/F: tendons are usually twice as strong as the muscles they are attached to
True
What are the four main properties of muscles
Extensibility, elasticity, irritability, ability to develop tension
What are the three connective tissue sheaths from deep to superficial
Endomysium
Perimysium
Epimysium
What is the muscular property that is described by elasticity and time-dependant extensibility
Viscoelasticity
T/F: Ligaments contain more elastin than tendons so they are a bit more elastic.
True
What type of joint is a tooth joint
Gomphosis
What are the three main types of joints?
Fibrous, Cartilagenous, Synovial
What type of joint is a skull joint
Suture
What type of joint is an interosseous membrane joint
Syndesmoses
What type of joint is a sternocostal joint
Synchrondrosis or primary cartilagenous
What type of joint is a the pubis symphysis?
Secondary cartilagenous
What is another name for synovial joints?
Diarthrosis
Name the six types of diarthrosis joints and an example.
- Plane - facet joints
- Hinge - elbow
- Pivot - proximal radioulnar
- condyloid - wrist
- Saddle - thumb
- Ball and Socket - shoulder
What are the five features of diarthrodial joints?
- articular cartilage
- joint (synovial) cavity
- Articular capsule
- Synovial fluid
- Reinforcing ligaments
What kind of cartilage is articular cartilage
Hyaline
T/F: Articular cartilage is nourished by synovial fluid becasue it has no nerves or blood vessels.
True
What makes synovial fluid viscous?
Hyaluronic acid
What are labrums and articular discs made of
Fibrocartilage
What structure may be implicated in a 3rd degree contusion
Fascia
At waht percentage beyond its normal length does a tendon tear?
8-10%
Which cramp involves alternating contraction and relaxation?
Clonic