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ATwithEmily > Chapter 3 - Protective Equipment > Flashcards

Chapter 3 - Protective Equipment Flashcards

1
Q

Which injuries are caused by high velocity, low mass collisions?

A

Focal injury

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2
Q

What causes focal injuries?

A

high velocity, low mass

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3
Q

Which injuries are caused by low velocity, high mass collisions?

A

diffuse injuries

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4
Q

What causes diffuse injuries?

A

low velocity, high mass

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5
Q

What are some features of low-density material

A
  • soft, flexible, comfortable
  • only effective at low levels of impact
  • reduce friction (prevents blisters & abrasions)
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6
Q

What are some features of high-density material

A
  • hard, ridgid, less comfortable
  • better for high intensity impact (absorbs more force through deformation)
  • protects from direct blows and focal injuries
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7
Q

What is another factor to consider in energy-absorbing material?

A

resiliance
- high resiliant (regain shape) = repeated impact
- low resiliant (deforms) = one time impacts

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8
Q

Name some types of soft protective materials

A

foam, nylon, moleskin, neoprene, gauze, felt, Sorbothane

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9
Q

Name some types of hard protective materials

A

moldable plastics (thermoplast, orthoplast), catsing materials (fiberglass, plaster),

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10
Q

What are some plastic materials?

A

Aquaplast Bluestripe, Multiform I & II, Orfit, Orthoplast II

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11
Q

What are some rubber materials?

A

Aquaplast Greenstrip, Orthoplast, Synergy, Ultraform Traditions

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12
Q

Who is usually responsible for what when it comes to equipment?

A

Coach picks, director buys, AT/manager proper wearing

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13
Q

Which organizaitions have strict rules regarding equipment standards?

A

National Federation of State High School Associations (NFSHSA) and National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)

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14
Q

T/F: It is the organizations duty to ensure proper use of equipment. That is is the most appropriate & fitted, cared for, as well as the dangers and proper supervision.

A

True

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15
Q

What responsibilities does the AT have in regards to equipment

A
  • select proper equipment
  • properly fit
  • instuct in proper care
  • warn of any danger with using equipment incorrectly
  • supervise and monitor use
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16
Q

Which equipment does the NOCSAE set standards for?

A

-football helmets
- baseball, softball and lacrosse helmets & face masks
-soccer shin guards

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17
Q

Which equipment does the ASTM & HECC set standards for?

A

hockey helmets and face masks

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18
Q

Who sets standards in Canada?

A

Canadian Standards Association (CSA)

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19
Q

Who else can set quipment standards?

A

NFSHSA, NAIA, NCAA, & U.S. Olympic Commitee

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20
Q

A football helmet must have:

A

NOSCSAE warning label. face shield no less than 2 bars, 4 strap chin guard,

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21
Q

T/F: a football helmet must have at least a double cell air bladder.

A

False, can be single or double bladder.

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22
Q

T/F: a football helmet must have at least a double bar face guard

A

True!

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23
Q

A stamp of approval from whom is required on a hockey helmet?

A) ATSM
B) HECC
C) CSA

A

C, CSA

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24
Q

A stamp of approval from whom is required on a baseball helmet?

A) NOCSAE
B) NFSHSA
C) NAIA
D) NCAA

A

A, NOCSAE

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25
Q

Before fitting a football helmet, what two conditions should be simulated?

A
  • Haircut that will be worn during the season
  • wet hair
26
Q

How many fingers should be used to measure distance above forehead and extension of face mask in a football helmet?

A

two

27
Q

Which three actions should be completed when ensuring a snug fit on a football helmet?

A

1) Press forwards on back of head
2) Press down on top of helmet
3) Move faceguard left & right

28
Q

T/F: Lacrosse helmets are mandatory in men and women’s games.

A

False, optional for women

29
Q

Who sets the standard for lacrosse helmets?

A

NOCSAE

30
Q

T/F: helmets are meant to prevent head injury, not prevent axial loading of spinal cord or concussions

A

true

31
Q

What are the three types of eyewear?

A

goggles, face shields, spectacles

32
Q

Who regulates facemasks in baseball catchers and home plate umpires?

A) NOCSAE
B) ASTM
C) HECC

A

B, ASTM

33
Q

What are the two requirements of spectacles to be used in sport?

A

must be 3mm thick lenses and be made from CR 39 plastic (or polycarbonate)

34
Q

Which two organizations have standards for spectacles?

A

ASTM & CSA

35
Q

T/F: You cannot wear contact lenses when swimming.

A

False, it’s allowed but not reccomended without goggles

36
Q

T/F: Hard contact lenses result in more eye trauma (abrasions, cornea damage, dislogement bacteria trapped behind eye)

A

True

37
Q

How long should swimmers wait to remove contacts after swimming and why?

A

20-30min because the contacts stick to the cornea after swimming.

38
Q

What can repeated friction and trauma cause to the ear?

A

Hematoma auris (cauliflower ear)

39
Q

Which sports commonly utilize ear protection?

A

Water polo, boxing, wrestling, and some rugby positions.

40
Q

What are the three types of mouth guards in order of most expensive to lease expensive.

A

Type I -Custom
Type II - “boil & bite”
Type 3 - stock

41
Q

Which associations recommend mouth guards for sports?

A

American Dental Association & American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry

42
Q

T/F: The NOCSAE requires catchers in baseball and softball to wear a built-in or attachable throat guard.

A

False, its the NCAA

43
Q

T/F: Cantilevered shoulder pads allow for more glenohumeral ROM

A

False, flat pads do

44
Q

What is the advantage of a cantilevered should pad?

A

distribute forces throughout the entire shoulder girdle

45
Q

Which football position prefers the outside cantilever pad and why?

A

Lineman because it has a larger blocking surface and more shoulder protection

46
Q

Which football position prefers the inside cantilever pad and why?

A

None, used in general because its a medium balance of protection, weight, and ROM.

47
Q

Which football position prefers the double cantilever pad and why?

A

Lineman and players that can handle extra bulk

48
Q

T/F: Quarterbacks, recievers, and lineman require less padding in football.

A

False, quarterbacks, recievers, and offensive backs. Linemen need more padding.

49
Q

T/F: In high school and collegiate sports, no hard material can be worn below the elbow unless it’s covered by closed-cell foam.

A

True

50
Q

T/F: Chest wall protectors have been found to help prevent commotio cortis.

A

False

51
Q

T/F: some organizations support the use of a low back brace for preventing low back injuries and some don’t.

A

True

52
Q

T/F: For thigh, hip, and groin protection, the material should be a soft foam padding to prevent limitations in range of motion.

A

False, should be hard polyethylene covered with layers of Ensolite

53
Q

How high above the patella should thigh pads be?

A

6-7 inches

54
Q

What are the three categories of knee braces?

A

Prophylactic, rehabilitative, functional

55
Q

T/F: The decision of which category of knee brace is up to the physician or surgeon.

A

True

56
Q

What are the three types of ankle braces

A

lace up (all ROM), semi rigid (inv/ev), air bladder (inv/ev)

57
Q

T/F: Ankle braces have been shown to be moe effective in preventing injury than prophylactic taping

A

True

58
Q

What are the three types of foot orthotics?

A

soft, rigid, semirigid

59
Q

How often should an avid runner and a recreational runner replace their shoes?

A

3 and 6 months

60
Q

What are the three types of foot orthotics?

A

1) orthotics to change foot funtion
2) protective orthotics
3) combine funtional control and protection

61
Q
A

ATwithEmily (13 decks)

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