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Abbas' Immunology Recap > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

List 2 examples of nuclear hormone receptors.

A

Vitamin D receptor

Glucocorticoid receptor

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2
Q

List 2 major enzymes that GPCR activates.

A

Adenylyl cyclase

Phospholipase C

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3
Q

Name the receptor involved in cell fate determination during lymphocyte developments.

A

Notch proteins

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4
Q

Name the receptor involved in lymphopoiesis.

A

Wnt proteins

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5
Q

Name the catalytic tyrosine kinase domain involved in antigen-induced lymphocyte activation.

A

Src family kinase (SH2 domain-phosphotyrosine interaction)

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6
Q

This signalling molecule recognises specific phospholipids like PIP3.

A

Pleckstrin homologous (PH) domain

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7
Q

List the adaptor proteins in

1) linking T cell activation
2) B cell linking
3) SH2 domain-containing
4) Grb-2-related

A

1) LAT
2) BLNK
3) SLP-76
4) GADS

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8
Q

Name the classical prions involved in

1) NLRP3 inflammasome & IL-1 production
2) RIG-1 pathway & type 1 IFN production

A

1) ASC protein

2) MAVS

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9
Q

Give the ITAMs for the following structures.

1) TCR complex
2) BCR
3) FceRI
4) NK cells

A

1) CD3 & universal chain
2) Ig alpha & Ig beta
3) Fc receptor
4) NKG2D activating receptor

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10
Q

Name the ITIMs involved in the following structures.

1) T cell
2) B cell
3) other cells
4) NK cells

A

1) PD-1
2) CD22
3) FcyRIIB
4) Inhibitory NK cell receptors

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11
Q

Define positive selection.

A

Weak antigen receptor signalling is required for survival of clones expressing functional receptors.

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12
Q

Define negative selection.

A

Strong signalling is required to induce apoptosis of clones with self-reactive antigen receptors.

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13
Q

Name the monomer that binds to a2 & b2 domains of class II MHC.

A

CD4

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14
Q

Name the heterodimer that binds to a3 domain of class I MHC.

A

CD8

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15
Q

Name 2 processes involved in activation of tyrosine kinase & lipid kinase.

A

ZAP-70 recruitment

PI3-kinase (Itk in T cells & Btk in B cells) activation to generate PIP3

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16
Q

() phosphorylate & activates PKB, contributing to cell survival by inactivating proapoptotic Bcl-2 family.

A

PDK1 (PIP3-dependent kinase 1)

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17
Q

() serves as a site for signalling molecule turnover, primarily by ubiquitination & delivery to late endosome & lysosome.

A

c-SMAC

18
Q

Name 2 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signalling pathways and the transcription factors that they activate.

A

Ras pathway in ERK activation

Rac pathway in JNK activation

19
Q

Name 3 biochemical intermediates involved in calcium signalling pathway.

A

Phospholipase C
IP3
DAG

20
Q

Name 3 most critical transcription factors that are activated in regulation of T cell gene expression.

A

NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells)
AP-1
NF-kB

21
Q

Cyclosporine blocks () by binding to ().

A

calcineurin

cyclophilin

22
Q

Tacrolimus blocks () by binding to ().

A

Calcineurin

FK506-binding protein (FKBP)

23
Q

() processes microRNA (miRNA) into pre-miRNA.

A

Drosha

24
Q

() processes pre-miRNA into ds-miRNA.

A

Dicer

25
Q

Name the tyrosine phosphatase that acts on

1) phosphoproteins
2) inositol phosphatase
3) lymphocyte activation

A

1) SHP-1 & SHP-2
2) SHIP
3) CD45

26
Q

Name

1) the best costimulators of CD28
2) costimulators in follicular helper T cell activation

A

1) B7-1 (CD80) & B7-2 (CD86)

2) ICOS (inducible costimulators)

27
Q

Mutation of () gene encoding SAP leads to a disease called ().

A

SH2D1A gene

X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome (XLP)

28
Q

Name the B cell receptor for C3d.

A

Type 2 complement receptor (CR2 or CD21)

29
Q

Name the B cell receptor complex.

A

CR2-CD19-CD81

30
Q

Another name for CD81.

A

TAPA-1

31
Q

Inhibitory signalling in lymphocytes is mediated by () & ().

A

Inhibitory receptors

E3 ubiquitin ligases

32
Q

Name the inhibitory receptors for

1) NK cells
2) T cells
3) B cells

A

1) KIR, SHP-1, SHP-2 & SHIP
2) CTLA-4 & PD-1
3) FcyRIIB

33
Q

Name 2 subgroups of type 1 cytokine receptors.

A

common y chain aka CD132(IL-2,4,7,9,15,21)

gp130 (IL-6,11,27)

34
Q

List 5 entities of type 2 cytokine receptors.

A 
Type 1 IFN
Type 2 IFN
IL-10
IL-20
IL-22
35
Q

List 5 entities of TNF receptor family.

A 
TNF receptors (TNFRI & TNFRII)
CD40
Fas (CD59)
Lymphotoxin receptor
BAFF receptor family
36
Q

Name the genetic abnormality that leads to myelodysplastic syndrome with aplastic anemia & polycythemia vera.

A

Gain-of-function mutation of JAK2

37
Q

Mutation of common y chain & JAK3 causes ().

A

SCID

38
Q

Activating mutations in STAT3 causes ().

A

Lymphocytic leukemia

39
Q

State 3 functions of NF-kB.

A

Inflammation & lymphocyte activation
Cell survival
Secondary lymphoid organs development

40
Q

Name 2 pathways of NF-kB activation.

A 
Canonical pathway (IL-1b & TNF-a)
Non-canonical pathway (BAFF & CD40L)
41
Q

Name the inhibitor of NF-kB.

A

IkBa

Abbas' Immunology Recap (8 decks)

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