Chapter 6 Flashcards
Only () is allowed to bind to MHC molecules.
Peptides
T cells recognise () peptides but not conformational determinants of protein antigens.
Linear
Define MHC restriction.
A single T cell can recognise a specific peptide displayed by only 1 of the large number of different MHC molecules that exist.
() interaction is required for class II MHC & costimulators expression in APC.
CD40L-CD40
Define priming.
DC presents antigen to naive T cell in initiation of T cell response into protein antigen.
Which cell is the most effective APC for activating naive T cells in initiating T cell response?
Dendritic cells
Why DC, macrophage & B lymphocyte are called professional antigen presenting cells?
Express class II MHC capable of activating CD4+ T cells
Name the cytokines involved in positive feedback loop of
1) CD4+ T cell
2) other T cell
1) CD40L (CD154)
2) IFN-gamma
Class I MHC is expressed in ().
All nucleated cells
Name 2 cell types that express class II MHC & may present antigens to T cells other than the 3 APC.
Endothelial cells
Thymic epithelial cells
() is a major determinant of graft acceptance & rejection.
HLA alleles encoding HLA antigen
Which gene is specific for graft rejection?
Immune response (Ir) genes
MHC genes are the most polymorphic genes present in any mammalian genome. True or false?
True
Name the entities of class I & II MHC genes.
Class I MHC (HLA-A, HLA-B & HLA-C)
Class II MHC (HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, HLA-DR)
() is the master regulator of class II MHC gene expression in which its mutation leads to ().
Class II transcription activator (CIITA)
Bare lymphocyte syndrome
List 7 molecules that class II genes encode for.
DP, DQ, DR DM Proteasome TAP1 & TAP2 DOA & DOB
List 3 molecules encoded by class III region.
Factor B
TNF-alpha
Complement C4a, C4b & C2
List 6 molecules encoded by class I region.
HLA-A to HLA-C
HLA-E to HLA-G
In class I MHC, name
1) polypeptide chains involved
2) locations of polymorphic residues
3) binding site for T cell coreceptors
4) entities of human MHC
1) a & b2-microglobulin
2) a1 & a2 domains
3) CD8 binds a3 domain
4) HLA-A, HLA-B & HLA-C
In class II MHC, name
1) polypeptide chains involved
2) location of polymorphic residues
3) binding site for T cell coreceptors
4) human nomenclature
1) a & b
2) a1 & b1
3) CD4 binds a2 & b2 domains
4) HLA-DP, HLA-DQ & HLA-DR
In class I MHC pathway, list
1) type of antigen presenting cells involved
2) responsive T cells
3) site of antigen degradation
4) source of protein antigens
5) enzymes responsible for protein degradation
6) site of peptide loading of MHC
7) molecules for peptide transport
1) all nucleated cells
2) CD8+ T cells
3) proteasome
4) cytosolic/nuclear/membrane proteins
5) b1, b2 & b5 subunits of proteasome
6) endoplasmic reticulum
7) TAP in ER
In class II MHC pathway, list
1) types of APC involved
2) responsive T cells
3) site of antigen degradation
4) source of protein antigen
5) enzymes responsible for protein degradation
6) site of peptide loading of MHC
7) molecules for peptide transport
1) DC, macrophage, B cell, endothelial cell, thymic epithelium
2) CD4+ T cells
3) endosome & lysosome
4) endosomal & lysosomal proteins
5) cathepsin
6) late endosome & lysosome
7) invariant chain in ER & Golgi, HLA-DM
Name 2 chaperones involved in folding of nascent alpha chain in ER under class I MHC pathway.
Membrane chaperone calnexin
Luminal chaperone calreticulin
() promotes assembly of class I MHC with peptides.
Tapasin
() trims peptides into appropriate sizes in proteasome.
ERAP (ER associated protease)
Give 2 reasons for which peptides transported into ER do not bind class I or II MHC.
Luminal TAP complex with class I MHC Invariant chain on class II MHC
() catalyses dissociation of invariant chain & CLIP from class II MHC.
HLA-DM
() recognises lipids & glycolipids displayed by class I-like non-classical MHC molecules called ().
NKT cells
CD1d
() recognises proteins, lipids, phosphorylated molecules & alkyl amines which are not presented by MHC molecules (non-MHC restriction).
Gamma delta T cells
