Chapter 7 Flashcards
What is electromagnetic radiation?
A type of energy embodied in oscillating electric and magnetic fields
What’s the difference between a Magnetic field and electric field?
Magnetic- region of space where a magnetic particle experiences a force
Electric- region of space where an electrically charged particle experiences a force
What is the speed of light?
3.00x10^8 m/s
What is the amplitude and the wavelength?
What do each determine?
Amplitude is the height of a crust or depth of a trough of a wave
Determines light intensity
Wavelength is the distance between adjacent crests
Determines light colour
What is the formula for frequency? What are it’s units?
v=c/y (upside down)
V= frequency
C= speed of light
Y= wavelength in m
Unit is 1/s or Hz
What is the form of electromagnetic radiation on the electromagnetic spectrum with the shortest wavelength?
Gamma rays
What is the order of types of wavelengths from on the electromagnetic spectrum from least wavelength to greatest wavelength?
Gamma rays X-rays Ultraviolet radiation Visible light Infrared radiation Microwaves Radio waves
What is interference?
When waves cancel eachother or build each other up depending on their alignment upon interaction
What is diffraction?
When a wave encounters an obstacle or a slit that is comparable in size to its wavelength, it bends around it
What is the photoelectric effect?
The observation that many metals eject electrons when light shines upon them
What is the binding energy of electrons?
The energy with which an electron is bound to a metal
What is Albert Einstein’s equation about energy in a photon and frequency? (And plancks)
E=hv
E= energy in a light packet (photon)
h= Plancks constant
v= frequency
Or
E=hc/y
What is the formula to find the binding energy of an electron?
What is the formula for finding the kinetic energy of the ejected electron?
hv= ø
Ø=binding energy of electron
KE=hv-ø
KE= kinetic energy of ejected electron
What happens when an atom absorbs energy?
It often re-emits that energy as light
What is the equation for finding the wavelength of an electron given its m and velocity?
Y(upside down)=h/mv
Why can’t it be proven why an electron aimed at a double slit forms an interference pattern?
Because an I observed electron can occupy two places at once but once you try and watch it it disappears
Is it possible to see the interference pattern while determining which slit the electron goes through?
No because once you try and determine it just shows it going through one or the other
What are complementary properties and what’s an example in quantum mechanics?
They exclude one another- the more you know about one the less you know about the other
Ex: the wave nature and particle nature of electrons
What is Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle equation with the the change in x, m, change in v and pie
🔺X(m🔺v) > (or equal to) h/4pie
🔺x is the uncertainty of position
How did Heisenberg solve the problem of an object being both a particle and a wave?
He said it could be a particle or a wave but never both at once
What is a probability distribution map?
Statistical map that shows where an electron is likely to be found under a given set of conditions
What is the principle quantum number?
What is it’s symbol?
n
An integer that determines the overall size and energy of an orbital
Can be 1,2,3,4… and so on
What is the angular momentum quantum number?
What is it’s symbol?
l
An integer that determines the shape of the orbital
n-1
L= 0= s orbital 1= p orbital 2= d orbital 3= f orbital 4= g orbital
If n=3, what are all possible values of l? (Quantum numbers)
l=n-3= 2
So l can be 0,1,2
