Chapter 7 Flashcards
electrons outside nucleus are attracted to the __ in the nucleus
protons
electrons propagate through space as an __ __
energy wave
electromagnetic radiation propagates through space as a __ moving at the speed of __
wavelight
1 nm = __ m
1 x 10^-9 m
The __ of electromagnetic radiation is directly proportional to the __ of the radiation
energyfrequency
Long wavelength = __ frequency = __ energyShort wavelength = __ frequency = __ energy
low, lowhigh, high
E = hv , E = energy in joules (__)
kg*m^2/s^2
As the electron moves toward the nucleus, the wavelength __
shortens
Shorter wavelength = __ energy = __ distance from the nucleus
highergreater
Electron transitions involve __ of definite amounts of __. This produces __ of light with definite __
jumpsenergybandswavelengths
Many elements give off characteristic __ which can be used to help identify them
light
Flame Tests: __ red/orange, __ orange, __ orange/yellow, __ magenta, __ violet, __ green, __ yellow/green
strontium, calcium, sodium, lithium, potassium, copper, barium
One cannot simultaneously determine both the position and momentum of an electron
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
More certain you are about where the electron is, the less certain you can be about where it is __ and vice versa
going
Denotes the probable distance of the electron from the nucleus
Electron energy level (shell)
Number of electrons that can fit in a shell (n)
2n^2
region within an energy level where there is a probability of finding an electron
orbital
the surface that contains 90% of the total electron probability
orbital shape
S-orbitalShape:# of orientations:# of max electrons:
Shape: spherical# of orientations: 1# of max electrons: 2
P-orbitalShape:# of orientations:# of max electrons:
Shape: dumbbell# of orientations: 3# of max electrons: 6