Acids, Bases, Cation Oxidation Numbers, Polyatomic ions

Question 1

Define strong acids

Answer 1

completely ionized in water to give one (or more) protons per acid molecule

Question 2

Name the 7 strong acids and how they dissociate

Answer 2

HI: H+(aq) + I-(aq)HBr: H+(aq) + Br-(aq)HClO4: H+(aq) + ClO4-(aq)HCl: H+(aq) + Cl-(aq)HClO3: H+(aq) + ClO3-(aq)HNO3: H+(aq) + NO3-(aq)H2SO4: H+(aq) + HSO4-(aq) (HSO4- is a weak acid that contributes additional protons)

Question 3

Define strong bases

Answer 3

completely ionized in water to give one (or more) hydroxides per base molecule

Question 4

Name the 8 strong bases and how they dissociate

Answer 4

NaOH: Na+(aq) + OH-(aq)KOH: K+(aq) + OH-(aq)LiOH: Li+(aq) + OH-(aq)RbOH: Rb+(aq) + OH-(aq)CsOH: Cs+(aq) + OH-(aq)Ca(OH)2: Ca+2(aq) + 2OH-(aq) (but not very soluble)Ba(OH)2: Ba+2(aq) + 2OH-(aq) (but not very soluble)Sr(OH)2: Sr+2(aq) + 2OH-(aq) (but not very soluble)

Question 5

Oxidation states:Copper

Answer 5

Copper(I), Cu+Copper(II), Cu 2+

Question 6

Oxidation states:Mercury

Answer 6

Mercury(I), Hg2 2+Mercury(II), Hg 2+

Question 7

Oxidation states:Gold

Answer 7

Gold(I), Au+Gold(III), Au 3+

Question 8

Oxidation states:Chromium

Answer 8

Chromium(II), Cr 2+Chromium(III), Cr 3+

Question 9

Oxidation states:Cobalt

Answer 9

Cobalt(II), Co 2+Cobalt(III), Co 3+

Question 10

Oxidation states:Iron

Answer 10

Iron(II), Fe 2+Iron(III), Fe 3+

Question 11

Oxidation states:Manganese

Answer 11

Manganese(II), Mn 2+Manganese(III), Mn 3+

Question 12

Oxidation states:Lead

Answer 12

Lead(II), Pb 2+Lead(IV), Pb 4+

Question 13

Oxidation states:Tin

Answer 13

Tin(II), Sn 2+Tin(IV), Sn 4+

Question 14

Oxidation states:Arsenic

Answer 14

Arsenic(III), As 3+Arsenic(V), As 5+

Question 15

Oxidation states:Bismuth

Answer 15

Bismuth(III), Bi 3+Bismuth(V), Bi 5+

Question 16

Oxidation states:Phosphorus

Answer 16

Phosphorous(III), P 3+Phosphorous(V), P 5+

Question 17

Acetate

Answer 17

C2H3O2 -

Question 18

Benzoate

Answer 18

C7H5O2 -

Question 19

Bromate

Answer 19

BrO3 -

Question 20

Chlorate

Answer 20

ClO3 -

Question 21

Chlorite

Answer 21

ClO2 -

Question 22

Cyanide

Answer 22

CN -

Question 23

Dihydrogen Phosphate

Answer 23

H2PO4 -

Question 24

Hydrogen Carbonate

Answer 24

HCO3 -

Question 25

Hydrogen Sulfate

Answer 25

HSO4 -

Question 26

Hydroxide

Answer 26

OH -

Question 27

Hypochlorite

Answer 27

ClO -

Question 28

Nitrate

Answer 28

NO3 -

Question 29

Nitrite

Answer 29

NO2 -

Question 30

Perchlorate

Answer 30

ClO4 -

Question 31

Permanganate

Answer 31

MnO4 -

Question 32

Thiocyanate

Answer 32

SCN -

Question 33

Carbide

Answer 33

C2 2-

Question 34

Carbonate

Answer 34

CO3 2-

Question 35

Chromate

Answer 35

CrO4 2-

Question 36

Dichromate

Answer 36

Cr2O7 2-

Question 37

Monohydrogen phosphate

Answer 37

HPO4 2-

Question 38

Oxalate

Answer 38

C2O4 2-

Question 39

Peroxide

Answer 39

O2 2-

Question 40

Sulfate

Answer 40

SO4 2-

Question 41

Sulfite

Answer 41

SO3 2-

Question 42

Thiosulfate

Answer 42

S2O3 2-

Question 43

Phosphate

Answer 43

PO4 3-

Question 44

Ammonium

Answer 44

NH4 +

Question 45

Hydronium

Answer 45

H3O +