Chapter 7 Flashcards
1941
no Halley’s comet
year of destruction
year of terrible losses
operation barbossa (germans violate pact and turn on Soviets)
June 22 1941
opened up the eastern front - naiz unleash 4.5 million troops attacking soviets on 1800 mile front wasting land and killing helpless citizens
Dec 7 1941
Japanese attack Pearl Harbor
jan 25 1941
sara’s son is born in Druysk 523 Town of Jews no Christians
pogrom
1.an organized massacre of a particular ethnic group, in particular that of Jews in Russia or eastern Europe.
what did sara sell
salt, herring, needles, thread, kerosene
describe house
one room, thatched roof, dirt floor, well outside outhouse
when did the soviets come to druysk
after the partition of Poland in 1939 they were communists; sara’s family was bourgeoisie; comunists rationed food and commodities; landowners were taken to Siberia
bourgeoisie
the middle class, typically with reference to its perceived materialistic values or conventional attitudes.
•(in Marxist contexts) the capitalist class who own most of society’s wealth and means of production.
sara worked in a communist store selling
herring, kerosene, butter
when did germans come to druysk
1941 after son was born; rumors of an aktion when he was 6 months old
aktion
mass assembly, murder, deportation of Jews
aunt heard rumor of atkion and
grabbed all her kids and her nephew; left her own 6 month old baby because sara only had one child; rumor was false
in 1942 townspeople were moved from druysk to
a ghetto in Vidzy
what did the workers do in Vidzy
cut peat and trees to send back to Germany
where did they go after Vidzy
swieciany…a bigger ghetto…keep cutting trees or be shot
where did they go after swieciany
Vilna but really Polnar while sara and son hid in closet
what haunts son?
that his father may have had to watch his 52 year old mother murdered but he isrelieved that he did not need to watch the wife and son murdered
most of the killing was done by
Lithuanians supported by the Germans; Lithuanians did work because they were grateful that the germans had expelled the soviets; Lithuanians were promised an independent lithuania
name of the workers at the pits
sonderkommandos
killing of citizens od druysk took
three days in 1942; of the hundreds that originally lived there only 21 survived - 18 adults and three children
of 49 members of original family
only sara and son survived
after hiding spent
three months in a monastery
saras son was given the polish name
michas; monks made him a cross he wore around his neck; taught catholic prayers; once germans came they were turned away
then they went into
the woods around vilna and roamed for about 3 years until the war was over
mother did what for healing
used plants in forest
bad infection on head mother used
pitch from wheels - coal tar, tar soap, black salve - worked!
hand infection
mother used his urine - contained urea
worms in stool - mother
fed garlic
