Chapter 7 (4)

Question 1

The most frequent type of drug-food interaction is food:

Answer 1

Affecting the gastrointestinal absorption of drugs

Question 2

Food in the gastrointestinal tract affects drug absorption by:

Answer 2

Altering gastric emptying time

Question 3

Food can alter the pH of the stomach, leading to:

Answer 3

Altered drug bioavailability

Question 4

Fasting for an extended period can:

Answer 4

Cause vasoconstriction, leading to decreased drug absorption

Question 5

Tetracycline needs to be given on an empty stomach because it chelates with:

Answer 5

All of the above

Question 6

A low-carbohydrate, high-protein diet may:

Answer 6

Increase drug-metabolizing enzymes

Question 7

Grapefruit juice contains furanocoumarins that have been found to:

Answer 7

Inhibit CYP 3A4, leading to decreased first-pass metabolism of drugs

Question 8

Cruciferous vegetables may alter drug pharmacokinetics by:

Answer 8

Inducing CYP 1A2, possibly leading to therapeutic failure of drugs metabolized by
CYP 1A2

Question 9

Milk and other foods that alkalinize the urine may:

Answer 9

Result in basic drugs being reabsorbed in the renal tubule

Question 10

Antacids such as calcium carbonate (Tums) can reduce the absorption of which of the following nutrients?

Answer 10

Iron

Question 11

Phenytoin decreases folic acid absorption by:

Answer 11

Inhibiting intestinal enzymes required for folic acid absorption

Question 12

Patients taking warfarin need to be educated about the vitamin K content of foods to avoid therapeutic failure. Foods high in vitamin K that should be limited to no more than one serving per day include:

Answer 12

Spinach

Question 13

The American Dietetic Association has recommended the use of specific nutritional supplements in the following population(s):

Answer 13

400 IU per day of vitamin D in all infants and children

Question 14

The American Dietetic Association recommends pregnant women take a supplement including:

Answer 14

600 mcg/day of folic acid

Question 15

The American Heart Association and the American Dietetic Association recommend a minimum daily fiber intake of _____ for cardiovascular health:

Answer 15

25 mg/day

Question 16

Which of the following vitamin or mineral supplements may by teratogenic if a pregnant woman takes more than the recommended amount?

Answer 16

Vitamin A

Question 17

Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) may be prescribed to:

Answer 17

Reduce headaches and migraines

Question 18

Isoniazid (INH) may induce a deficiency of which vitamin?

Answer 18

B6

Question 19

Pregnant patients who are taking isoniazid (INH) should take 25 mg/day of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) to prevent:

Answer 19

Peripheral neuropathy

Question 20

Smokers are at risk for vitamin C deficiency. It is recommended that smokers take _____ vitamin

Answer 20

35 mg/day more than nonsmokers

Question 21

Vitamin B12 deficiency may lead to:

Answer 21

Numbness and tingling of the hands

Question 22

There is strong evidence to support that adequate vitamin C intake prevents:

Answer 22

Scurvy

Question 23

Adequate vitamin D is needed for:

Answer 23

All of the above

Question 24

Newborns are at risk for early vitamin K deficiency bleeding and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that all newborns receive:

Answer 24

IM vitamin K (phytonadione) within 24 hours of birth

Question 25

Symptoms of folate deficiency include:

Answer 25

Glossitis

Question 26

A patient with a new onset of systolic ejection murmur should be assessed for which nutritional deficiency?

Answer 26

Folate

Question 27

According to the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey study of dietary intake, the group at highest risk for inadequate calcium intake was:

Answer 27

Teenage females

Question 28

Patients with iron deficiency will develop:

Answer 28

Microcytic-hypochromic anemia

Question 29

There is evidence that dietary supplementation or adequate intake of fish oils and omega-3 fatty acids have well-documented:

Answer 29

Anti-inflammatory effects

Question 30

There is enough preliminary evidence to recommend that children with autism receive which supplemental nutrient?

Answer 30

Omega-3 fatty acids

Question 31

There is sufficient evidence to support the use of omega-3 fatty acids to treat the following disease(s):

Answer 31

Autism

Question 32

It is reasonable to recommend supplementation with _____ in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.

Answer 32

Plant sterols

Question 33

Probiotics are recommended to be co-administered when _____ are prescribed:

Answer 33

Antibiotics

Question 34

It is reasonable to add _____ to a Helicobacter pylori treatment regimen to improve eradication rates of H. pylori.

Answer 34

Probiotics