Chapter 7 Flashcards
Latency
The time from when a response becomes possible until it actually occurs. In a puzzle box the latency off the escape response is the time from when the animal is leaved I’m the hoc until it escapes.
The law of effect
Edward lee thorndike
Based on experimental data
Puzzle box procedure
Thorndike’s theory is an associative account of learning.
Kohler
Provided chimps with a stick in a cage and bananas out inc reach outside the cage.
Meatballs tic account of learning.
Watson
Disagree with thorndike. He this sensation—R–pleasure is wrong. You cannot observe sensation or pleasure. Mental events cannot be observed by scientists. Science is based on obverse me events.
Tolman
Believed psychology can test theories about invisible events. The key was to have clear, testable predictions. Believes that thorndike’s cats expected to escape from the puzzle box when they saw the latch. Money expected banana got lettuce.
Intervening variable
A variable used in a theory to represent a hypothesized internal state.
Disruption
A term used by tool an to describe disturbances of behavior when an expected outcome does not occur.
Superstition
A behavior that bus strengthened because oh happens to be followed by reinforcers, even though it fit not actually produce that reinforcer.
Adventitious behavior
When a behavior is accidentally followed by a reinforcer and may be strengthened, even though the behavior did not produce the reinforcement. Child colors on bedroom walls and then hears parents calling him for ice cream.
Implicit learning
Acquisition of knowledge that occurs without our awareness. We are unaware at the time that we are learning something and can influence our behavior without ever being conscious about it.
Two systems
Reinforcement creatures an increase in the probability of overt behavior.
Reinforcement also creates an increase in probability of certain tights and expectations (covert behavior)
