Chapter 3 Flashcards
Trace conditioning
A technique that involves presenting the CS and terminating it before presenting the US.
Delayed conditioning
A procedure in which a CS is presented and then Continues until a US is presented.
Simultaneous conditioning
A procedure in which a CS and a US are presented at the same time.
Backward conditioning
A procedure in which first a US is presented, then a CS.
CS: Conditioned stimulus
A stimulus that, though pairing with an unconditioned stimulus, elicits a response.
UCS
A stimulus that elicits a response without training
Unconditioned response
The response elicited by an unconditioned stimulus.
Contingency
A measure of the extent to which two events occur together, or covary, over time. The probability that a US will occur in the presence of a CS, and probability that it will occur in the a sense of the CS.
Conditional probability
Measures the or probability of an event given that another event has occurred.
Rescorla
The amount of surprise on each trial determines how much conditioning occurs. Designed a model of classical conditioning in which the animal is theorized to learn from discrepancy between what is expected and what actually happens.
Preparedness
The tendency to associate some CS-US combinations more readily than others. Other terms for this phenomenon include relevance, selective associations and associative bias.
Kamin
Rats pre-trained with rats ignored the light, the pretraining with be blocked learning about the light.
Latent inhibitions
Slower conditioning to a CS because of previous presentations of the CS by itself.
Substitution theory
S-S theory of conditioning.
CS should elicit the same response as the US.
Pigeons should peck at the lighted key paired with food.
Autoshapping
Is any variety of experimental procedures used in classical conditioning.
Two systems hypothesis
A proposal that two different learning systems can be involved when we learn about the relationship between two events: a relatively primitive system that forms an association between the events, and a cognitive system that forms an expectation that the first event will be followed by the second.
