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U.S. History > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Inventor of interchangeable parts and the cotton gin

A

Eli Whitney

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2
Q

Standardized parts that can be used in place of one another

A

Interchangeable Parts

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3
Q

The making of goods in large amounts

A

Mass Production

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4
Q

A change in the making of goods from small workshops to large factories that used machines

A

Industrial Revolution

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5
Q

Eli Whitney’s invention for cleaning cotton

A

Cotton gin

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6
Q

Speaker of the House of Representatives and political leader from Kentucky

A

Henry Clay

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7
Q

Clay’s plan for economic development

A

American System

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8
Q

A federally funded road, stretching from Cumberland, Maryland, to Vandalia, Illinois

A

National Road

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9
Q

Canal that connected the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean

A

Erie Canal

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10
Q

A protective tariff designed to help American industries

A

Tariff of 1816

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11
Q

Supreme Court case that denied Maryland the right to tax the Bank of the United States

A

McColloch v. Maryland

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12
Q

Sixth president of the United States

A

John Quincy Adams

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13
Q

A belief that national interests as a whole should be more important than what one region wants

A

Nationalism

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14
Q

Treaty that secure the purchase of Florida from Spain

A

Adams-Onís Treaty

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15
Q

Warning to Europeans nations not to interfere in the Americas

A

Monroe Doctrine

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16
Q

Agreement that temporarily settled the issue of slavery in the territories

A

Missouri Compromise

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17
Q

Military hero and seventh president

A

Andrew Jackson

18
Q

Party started by Jackson’s followers

A

Democratic-Republican Party

19
Q

System in which incoming political parties throw out former government workers and replace them with their own friends

A

Spoils System

20
Q

Law that forced Native Americans to move west

A

Indian Removal Act

21
Q

Path the Cherokee were forced to travel from Georgia to Indian Territory

A

Trail of Tears

22
Q

Vice-President and congressional leader from South Carolina

A

John C. Calhoun

23
Q

Henry Clay’s name for an 1828 tariff increase

A

Tariff of Abominations

24
Q

A Senate leader from Massachusetts

A

Daniel Webster

25
Q

National bank established by Congress first in 1791 and then in 1816

A

Bank of the United States

26
Q

Political party formed in 1834 to oppose policies of Andrew Jackson

A

Whig Party

27
Q

Eight president

A

Martin van Buren

28
Q

A series of financial failures that led to an economic depression

A

Panic of 1837

29
Q

Ninth president

A

William Henry Harrison

30
Q

Tenth president

A

John Tyler

31
Q

How did the agricultural systems in the North and South differ?

A

The North had more factories and the South more plantations.

32
Q

How did the American System help strengthen the nation’s sense of unity?

A

It developed the national transportation system, fro example the National Road, and created the Tariff of 1816 that eventually made American goods more attractive.

33
Q

In what ways did the Supreme Court boost federal power?

A

Two Supreme Court cases helped boost federal power: McCulloch v. Maryland and Gibbons v. Ogden. The first case established that states cannot pass laws that end up overturning laws passed by Congress. The second case established that Congress has the power to regulate interstate trade.

34
Q

What was the purpose of the Monroe Doctrine?

A

To keep European nations out of American territories.

35
Q

How did Missouri Compromise help settle the issue of slavery in the Western territories?

A

It settled Main as a free state and Missouri as a slave state.

36
Q

How did the voting population grow?

A

Most of the states facilitated the requirements a citizen had to vote.

37
Q

How did Jackson show his commitment to the common people once in office?

A

He removed about 10% of federal workers from their jobs and gave them to the common people.

38
Q

How did the removal of Native Americans cause a rift between the executive and judicial branches?

A

The president refused to obey the Court’s ruling. Instead, federal agents signed a treaty with a group of Cherokee leaders.

39
Q

Why did South Carolina threaten to leave the union?

A

It declared the tariff of 1830 invalid.

40
Q

What was a political consequence of Jackson’s fight against the national bank?

A

The creation of the Whig Party

41
Q

What helped caused the nation’s depression during the Van Buren presidency?

A

The failure of many banks Jackson had put money during the bank fight.

U.S. History (8 decks)

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