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U.S. History > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

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0
Q

The idea that governments should be based on the consent of the people

A

Republicanism

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1
Q

government in which the people elect representatives to govern

A

Republic

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2
Q

The set of laws that established the first government of the United States

A

Articles of Confederation

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3
Q

A loose alliance of states

A

Confederation

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4
Q

A law that set up a plan for surveying land west of the appellation Mountains

A

Land ordinance of 1785

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5
Q

Law that organized the Northwest territories

A

Northwest ordinance of 1787

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6
Q

Anti-tax protest by farmers

A

Shays rebellion

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7
Q

One of the leaders of the Constitutional convention

A

James Madison

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8
Q

Delegate who developed the great compromise

A

Roger Sherman

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9
Q

Compromise made by Constitutional convention in which states would have equal representation in one house of the legislator and representation based on population in the other house

A

Great compromise

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10
Q

Compromise that allowed states to count 3/5 of their slaves as part of the population

A

Three Fifths compromise

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11
Q

The division of power between the federal and state governments

A

Federalism

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12
Q

The branch of government that makes laws

A

The legislative branch

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13
Q

The branch of government that enforces the laws

A

Executive branch

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14
Q

The branch of government that interprets the laws and the Constitution

A

Judicial branch

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15
Q

Power given to separate branches of government to keep anyone from getting too much power

A

Checks and balances

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16
Q

A group selected to elect the president, in which each states numbers of electors is equal to the number of its senators and representatives in Congress

A

Electoral college

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17
Q

Introduction to the Constitution

A

Preamble

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18
Q

National legislator

A

Congress

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19
Q

Lower house of the national legislator

A

House of Representatives

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20
Q

Upper house of the national legislator

A

Senate

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21
Q

Powers specifically granted in the Constitution

A

Enumerated powers

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22
Q

Powers not specifically stated in the constitution

A

Implied powers

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23
Q

Clause in the Constitution that allows Congress to pass laws necessary to carry out its enumerated powers

A

Elastic clause

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24
Q

President of the United States

A

Chief executive

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25
Q

Order in which the office of president is filled if it becomes vacant before an election

A

Succession

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26
Q

Message delivered by the president once a year

A

State of the Union address

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27
Q

Highest federal court in the United States

A

Supreme Court

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28
Q

Authority to decide cases involving disputes over the law or behavior of people

A

Judicial power

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29
Q

Authority to decide whether a law is constitutional

A

Judicial review

30
Q

Procedure for returning a person charged with a crime to the state where the crime was committed

A

Extradition

31
Q

Officially approve the constitution or an amendment to it

A

Ratify

32
Q

First 10 amendments

A

Bill of rights

33
Q

Being tried more than once for the same crime

A

Double Jeopardy

34
Q

All the procedures for fair treatment must be carried out whenever a citizen is accused of a crime

A

Due process of law

35
Q

Powers not specifically granted to the federal government or denied to the states belong to the states and the people

A

Reserved powers

36
Q

Right to vote

A

Suffrage

37
Q

Define

Republic

A

government in which the people elect representatives to govern

38
Q

Define

Republicanism

A

The idea that governments should be based on the consent of the people

39
Q

Define

Articles of Confederation

A

The set of laws that established the first government of the United States

40
Q

Define

Confederation

A

A loose alliance of states

41
Q

Define

Land ordinance of 1785

A

A law that set up a plan for surveying land west of the appellation Mountains

42
Q

Define

Northwest ordinance of 1787

A

Law that organized the Northwest territories

43
Q

Define

Shays rebellion

A

Anti-tax protest by farmers

44
Q

Define

James Madison

A

One of the leaders of the Constitutional convention

45
Q

Define

Roger Sherman

A

Delegate who developed the great compromise

46
Q

Define

Great compromise

A

Compromise made by Constitutional convention in which states would have equal representation in one house of the legislator and representation based on population in the other house

47
Q

Define

Three Fifths compromise

A

Compromise that allowed states to count 3/5 of their slaves as part of the population

48
Q

Define

Federalism

A

The division of power between the federal and state governments

49
Q

Define

The legislative branch

A

The branch of government that makes laws

50
Q

Define

Executive branch

A

The branch of government that enforces the laws

51
Q

Define

Judicial branch

A

The branch of government that interprets the laws and the Constitution

52
Q

Define

Checks and balances

A

Power given to separate branches of government to keep anyone from getting too much power

53
Q

Define

Electoral college

A

A group selected to elect the president, in which each states numbers of electors is equal to the number of its senators and representatives in Congress

54
Q

Define

Preamble

A

Introduction to the Constitution

55
Q

Define

Congress

A

National legislator

56
Q

Define

House of Representatives

A

Lower house of the national legislator

57
Q

Define

Senate

A

Upper house of the national legislator

58
Q

Define

Enumerated powers

A

Powers specifically granted in the Constitution

59
Q

Define

Implied powers

A

Powers not specifically stated in the constitution

60
Q

Define

Elastic clause

A

Clause in the Constitution that allows Congress to pass laws necessary to carry out its enumerated powers

61
Q

Define

Chief executive

A

President of the United States

62
Q

Define

Succession

A

Order in which the office of president is filled if it becomes vacant before an election

63
Q

Define

State of the Union address

A

Message delivered by the president once a year

64
Q

Define

Supreme Court

A

Highest federal court in the United States

65
Q

Define

Judicial power

A

Authority to decide cases involving disputes over the law or behavior of people

66
Q

Define

Judicial review

A

Authority to decide whether a law is constitutional

67
Q

Define

Extradition

A

Procedure for returning a person charged with a crime to the state where the crime was committed

68
Q

Define

Ratify

A

Officially approve the constitution or an amendment to it

69
Q

Define

Bill of rights

A

First 10 amendments

70
Q

Define

Double Jeopardy

A

Being tried more than once for the same crime

71
Q

Define

Due process of law

A

All the procedures for fair treatment must be carried out whenever a citizen is accused of a crime

72
Q

Define

Reserved powers

A

Powers not specifically granted to the federal government or denied to the states belong to the states and the people

73
Q

Define

Suffrage

A

Right to vote

U.S. History (8 decks)

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