Chapter 12 - Reconstruction And Its Effects

Question 1

Period of rebuilding the nation after the Civil War

Answer 1

Reconstruction

Question 2

One of the Congressional Republicans who wanted to destroy the political power of slaveholders and to give African Americans citizenship and the right to vote

Answer 2

Radical Republican

Question 3

One of the leaders of the Radical Republicans

Answer 3

Thaddeus Stevens

Question 4

Bill passed by Congress, and vetoed by President Lincoln, that would have given Congress control of Reconstruction

Answer 4

Wade-Davis Bill

Question 5

President after Lincoln’s assassination

Answer 5

Andrew Johnson

Question 6

Government agency that helped former slaves and poor whites by giving out food and clothing and by setting up schools and hospitals

Answer 6

Freedmen’s Bureau

Question 7

Laws enacted in many Southern states that discriminated against African Americans

Answer 7

Black codes

Question 8

Gave African Americans citizenship

Answer 8

Fourteenth Amendment

Question 9

Legal process to formally charge the president with misconduct in office

Answer 9

Impeach

Question 10

Banned states from denying African Americans the right to vote

Answer 10

Fifteenth Amendment

Question 11

What was Lincoln’s plan for readmitting Confederate states to the Union?

Answer 11

Lincoln’s plan for readmitting Confederates states to the Union was known as the Ten Percent Plan. It included pardoning Confederates if they would swear allegiance to the Union. It also called for a state to be readmitted in the Union as soon as 10 percent of the state’s voters swore allegiance to the nation.

Question 12

Why did President Johnson veto the bill extending the Freedmen’s Bureau and the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

Answer 12

Johnson felt that the two bills made the federal government too powerful. So he vetoed both.

Question 13

How did the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments improve the lives of African Americans?

Answer 13

They ensured African-American the right to vote and gave them full citizenship.

Question 14

White Southerner who joined the Republican Party

Answer 14

Scalawag

Question 15

Northerner who moved to the South after the war

Answer 15

Carpetbagger

Question 16

First African-American senator

Answer 16

Hiram Revels

Question 17

System in which landowners leased a few acres of land to farmworkers in return for a portion of their crops

Answer 17

Sharecropping

Question 18

Renting land from landowners for cash

Answer 18

Tenant farming

Question 19

What three groups made up the Republican Party after the war?

Answer 19

Carpetbaggers, scalawags, and African-Americans

Question 20

In what ways did African Americans participate in government after the war?

Answer 20

They voted and organized conventions to demand equal rights and protection under the law. Some joined the new state governments and served in Congress, etc.

Question 21

How did planters regain control of the land and labor in the South?

Answer 21

Southern planters turned to two systems called “sharecropping” and “tenant farming.”

Question 22

Terrorist group of white Southerners who used violence to keep blacks from voting

Answer 22

Ku Klux Klan (KKK)

Question 23

Financial crisis that started an economic depression

Answer 23

Panic of 1873

Question 24

Southern Democrats’ term for their return to power in the South in the 1870s

Answer 24

Redemption

Question 25

President who ended Reconstruction in 1877

Answer 25

Rutherford B. Hayes

Question 26

Democratic presidential candidate in 1876

Answer 26

Samuel J. Tilden

Question 27

The political deal that gave the presidency to Hayes and ended Reconstruction

Answer 27

Compromise of 1877

Question 28

Ability to run state governments without the interference of the federal government

Answer 28

Home rule

Question 29

What did the Ku Klux Klan attempt to do?

Answer 29

They tried to keep blacks from voting.

Question 30

What caused the Panic of 1873?

Answer 30

Many investors had taken advantage of the expanding economy after the Civil War. Some took on more debt than they could afford. Many could not pay their debts and went bankrupt. As a result, many banks closed.

Question 31

In what two ways did the 1876 elections signal the end of Reconstruction?

Answer 31

Democrats allowed Hayes to become president and Republicans agreed to withdraw federal troops from the South, ending Reconstruction.