Chapter 12 - Reconstruction And Its Effects Flashcards

1
Q

Period of rebuilding the nation after the Civil War

A

Reconstruction

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2
Q

One of the Congressional Republicans who wanted to destroy the political power of slaveholders and to give African Americans citizenship and the right to vote

A

Radical Republican

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3
Q

One of the leaders of the Radical Republicans

A

Thaddeus Stevens

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4
Q

Bill passed by Congress, and vetoed by President Lincoln, that would have given Congress control of Reconstruction

A

Wade-Davis Bill

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5
Q

President after Lincoln’s assassination

A

Andrew Johnson

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6
Q

Government agency that helped former slaves and poor whites by giving out food and clothing and by setting up schools and hospitals

A

Freedmen’s Bureau

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7
Q

Laws enacted in many Southern states that discriminated against African Americans

A

Black codes

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8
Q

Gave African Americans citizenship

A

Fourteenth Amendment

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9
Q

Legal process to formally charge the president with misconduct in office

A

Impeach

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10
Q

Banned states from denying African Americans the right to vote

A

Fifteenth Amendment

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11
Q

What was Lincoln’s plan for readmitting Confederate states to the Union?

A

Lincoln’s plan for readmitting Confederates states to the Union was known as the Ten Percent Plan. It included pardoning Confederates if they would swear allegiance to the Union. It also called for a state to be readmitted in the Union as soon as 10 percent of the state’s voters swore allegiance to the nation.

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12
Q

Why did President Johnson veto the bill extending the Freedmen’s Bureau and the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

A

Johnson felt that the two bills made the federal government too powerful. So he vetoed both.

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13
Q

How did the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments improve the lives of African Americans?

A

They ensured African-American the right to vote and gave them full citizenship.

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14
Q

White Southerner who joined the Republican Party

A

Scalawag

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15
Q

Northerner who moved to the South after the war

A

Carpetbagger

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16
Q

First African-American senator

A

Hiram Revels

17
Q

System in which landowners leased a few acres of land to farmworkers in return for a portion of their crops

A

Sharecropping

18
Q

Renting land from landowners for cash

A

Tenant farming

19
Q

What three groups made up the Republican Party after the war?

A

Carpetbaggers, scalawags, and African-Americans

20
Q

In what ways did African Americans participate in government after the war?

A

They voted and organized conventions to demand equal rights and protection under the law. Some joined the new state governments and served in Congress, etc.

21
Q

How did planters regain control of the land and labor in the South?

A

Southern planters turned to two systems called “sharecropping” and “tenant farming.”

22
Q

Terrorist group of white Southerners who used violence to keep blacks from voting

A

Ku Klux Klan (KKK)

23
Q

Financial crisis that started an economic depression

A

Panic of 1873

24
Q

Southern Democrats’ term for their return to power in the South in the 1870s

A

Redemption

25
Q

President who ended Reconstruction in 1877

A

Rutherford B. Hayes

26
Q

Democratic presidential candidate in 1876

A

Samuel J. Tilden

27
Q

The political deal that gave the presidency to Hayes and ended Reconstruction

A

Compromise of 1877

28
Q

Ability to run state governments without the interference of the federal government

A

Home rule

29
Q

What did the Ku Klux Klan attempt to do?

A

They tried to keep blacks from voting.

30
Q

What caused the Panic of 1873?

A

Many investors had taken advantage of the expanding economy after the Civil War. Some took on more debt than they could afford. Many could not pay their debts and went bankrupt. As a result, many banks closed.

31
Q

In what two ways did the 1876 elections signal the end of Reconstruction?

A

Democrats allowed Hayes to become president and Republicans agreed to withdraw federal troops from the South, ending Reconstruction.