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Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Pros and cons about France

A

Good: great trade, most advanced country
Bad: bad harvests, high taxes, high prices

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2
Q

Old regime

A

Social and political system divided people into 3 estates/classes

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3
Q

Clergy

A

1% of population

10% of land

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4
Q

Nobles

A

2% of pop

20% of land

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5
Q

Third estate

A

97% of population

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6
Q

Who was in the 3rd estate?

A

Bourgeoisie
Workers
Peasants

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7
Q

Middle class
High taxes
Wealthy

A

Bourgeoisie

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8
Q

Low wages

Out of work often

A

Workers

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9
Q

80%

Half of income in taxes

A

Peasanrs

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10
Q

Where did the desire for change come from?

A

Enlightenment and economic troubles

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11
Q

Inspired by new ideas

A

Enlightenment

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12
Q

Demanded equality, liberty, and democracy

A

American revolution

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13
Q

Heavy taxes
Cost of living rising
Crops fail
Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette were spending too much

A

Economic troubles

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14
Q

Estate General

And where?

A

Assembly of reps from the estates

Versailles

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15
Q

Old rules of estate general and what’s changed?

A

Each estate met separately and each got one vote

Now, all states meet together and each delegate gets one vote

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16
Q

1st deliberate act of the Revolution

A

National Assembly Formed

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17
Q

Tennis Court Oath

A

Pledged to stay at indoor tennis court until they wrote a new constitution

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18
Q

Back in Paris

A

Rumors flying—thought they needed to defend theirselves

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19
Q

Slogan of the French Revolution

A

Liberty, equality, fraternity

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20
Q

Early reforms

A

Took over church lands, declared Church officials and priest to be elected

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21
Q

What pissed off the peasants?

A

They wanted the church to be independent

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22
Q

Radical on the Left

A

Opposed monarchy

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23
Q

Moderates in the Middle

A

Some changes

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24
Q

Conservatives on Right

A

Limited monarchy, few changes

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25
Émigrés
Nobles that had fled but returned--wanted old regime back
26
Sans culottes
Wanted bigger changes
27
What were Austria and Prussia afraid of? | What did they do about it?
Revolution spreading They wanted Marie and Louis back on the throne and if not they would fight
28
Prussian troops surrounded Paris. What were their rules?
They wouldn't attack if the royal family wasn't harmed so they threw the family in prison to keep them safe
29
Jacobins
Radical political organization
30
Who edited a radical newspaper?
Murat
31
Who tried for treason and who put him to death?
Louis XVI | Guillotine
32
Who changed the calendar and closed churches? Why?
Robespierre He tried to build republic virtue
33
Period of Robespierre
Head of committee of public safety | "Reign of Terror"
34
Who demanded Robespierre's arrest and execution?
National convention
35
Who took over and made bicameral legislative, executive and directory?
Moderate leaders
36
What did Napoleon do that was so scandalous at the Notre Dame Cathedral?
Crowned himself emperor of france
37
What started war and where?
Planters demanded rights, so did the slaves, so this started a war at St. Dominique in the French Colony
38
Who did Napoleon sell land to and for how much?
Louisiana Purchase | Thomas Jefferson $15 million
39
Who did British join to try to stop Napoleon?
British Russia Austria Sweden
40
What is Napoleons strength and weakness?
Strength- land battle | Weakness- water battle
41
What was Napoleon worried about?
Worried about who would succeed him, so he divorced his wife and married Marie Louise of Austria
42
Who marched on the National Convention
Royalist rebels
43
Who was Napoleon told to protect?
Delegates
44
Who appointed Napoleon to lead the French army and against who?
Directory | Austria and Sardinia
45
What did Napoleon order troops to do?
Surround National Legislative
46
What was the Dissolved Directory?
3 consuls, Napoleon was one of them
47
Coup d'état
Blow to the state
48
Who joined together to stop Napoleon in 1799
England Austria and Russia
49
Plebiscite
Vote of People
50
What gave Consul all the power?
Plebiscite
51
Lycees
Government ran public schools
52
Concordat
agreement
53
Comprehensive system of laws limited liberty and promoted order authority over individual rights
Napoleonic Code
54
Napoleons 3 mistakes
Blockade with Europe and Britain Peninsular War Invasion of Russia
55
Continental System
used to make Europe self sufficient and to destroy Britains economy
56
Why was the Continental System thing dumb?
Brit controlled ocean
57
What was the Peninsular War?
Nap sent invasion through Spain trying to make them accept the Continental System
58
Guerrillas
Bands of Spanish peasant fighters
59
Why was the Invasion of Russia a mistake?
They got trapped in Moscow by Alexander stupidly, and lost many men on the way home by leaving the same way they came
60
Scorched Earth Policy
burning everything leaving nothing for the enemy to eat
61
Battle of Borodino
Went into Moscow (old capital) and thinking they had won, but Alexander destroyed it and was laughing from a distance
62
Why was Nap destined to lose at the Battle of Leipzig?
He had raised a new and untrained army
63
Why did Napoleon return to power after being banished and what was this called?
He returned because they all hated Louis XVII and 100 days
64
Waterloo
Battle Place in Belgium where Napoleon attacked the French and Lost one last time
65
Foreign Minister of Austria
Metternich
66
Series of Meetings in Vienna
Congress of Vienna
67
5 Great Powers
``` Russia Prussia Austria Britain France ```
68
What made the Dutch stronger?
adding land
69
Constitutional Monarchs
Britain and France
70
Holy Alliance
Russia Prussia Austria to stop the Revolution
71
Concert of Europe
Help each other if Revolution breaks out
72
Nationalism is growing but.....
ideas of democracy not disappearing

Harrison (8 decks)

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