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Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

what were the three forces pushing the world toward war

A

Nationalism
Imperialism
Militarism

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2
Q

The alliance system

A

also was a major factor in pushing the world into war

formed because Bismarck believed France needed to be isolated

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3
Q

Dual alliance

A

Germany and Austria

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4
Q

dual alliance turned into the…and it consisted of

A

Triple alliance

Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy

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5
Q

Germany made a separate alliance with..

A

Russia

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6
Q

Does not want to share power with Bismarck and takes over

A

Kaiser Wilhelm II

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7
Q

What does Wilhelm do that starts things off badly

A

allows treaty with Russia to expire without contacting them at all

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8
Q

What does Russia do as a result of Wilhelm’s decision?

A

makes a defensive alliance with France

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9
Q

What does Germany do that makes Britain mad/scared

A

builds up their navy and builds many ships

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10
Q

Triple Entente

A

an agreement not to fight against each other

Britain, France, and Russia

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11
Q

What does Serbia want to do in the Balkans

A

unite all the slavs

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12
Q

Serbia makes an announcement about what they plan to do in the Balkans and Austria-Hungary…

A

takes Bosnia that is in the Balkans and contains a lot of Slavs

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13
Q

What day are Archduke Franz Ferdinand and wife Sophie killed and how/where does this happen

A

June 28, 1914
in Sarajevo-capital of Bosnia
Princip jumps in the car and shoots both

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14
Q

WHo is princip

A

a serbian, member of the Blackhand

kills Archduke Franz Ferdinand and Sophie

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15
Q

What is the Blackhand

A

a group in Serbia that wanted to get Austria-Hungary out of BOsnia

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16
Q

why is it so horrible that Ferdinand was killed

A

he was the heir to the throne of austria-hungary

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17
Q

who does austria-hungary blame everything on and what do they give them

A

Serbia
an ultimatum or list of unrealistic, unreasonable demands that they must accept or else they are going to come in and destroy everything

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18
Q

What is serbias reaction to this ultimatum

A

they agree to most of these demands and decide to have an International Conference to meet and discuss a few of them

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19
Q

did austria-hungary accept this offer

A

no, declared war on them

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20
Q

Who does serbia ask for help in the war against Austria-Hungary

A

Russia

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21
Q

where does russia move it’s troops to

A

its borders with germany and austria-hungary

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22
Q

who does germany declare war on first

A

Russia

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23
Q

two days later they declare war on

A

France

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24
Q

What does Germany ask Belgium

A

if they can go through Belgium and they say no because they are neutral

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25
The Triple Entente turns into
the Allies
26
who is a part of the Allies
France, Russia, Britain, Italy, and Japan
27
The Triple Alliance becomes...
the Central Powers
28
The Central Powers consists of...
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottomans
29
Schlieffen Plan
Germany's plan to fight a two front war throw everything they have at France and get a quick victory there then take everything to Russia and fight because Russia won't be able to get to the borders as fast b/c they are not industrialized
30
The First Battle of the Marne
the most important battle of the war French won b/c they threw everything they had into this battle and they knew that this battle would determine the rest of the war They make the Germans retreat
31
The Western Front comes to a...
stalemate
32
what is the result of the stalemate on the western Front
they use trench warfare 500 miles down to Switzerland No man's land in between the opposing trenches
33
new weapons used during this war
machine guns, poison gas, submarines, tanks, airplanes, artillery shells
34
Battle of Verdun
trying to get out of trenches French vs. Germans French ask British for help in this battle Germans gained 4 miles
35
Battle of Somme
British attack Germany over 1 million dead British gained 5 miles
36
eastern Front
Germany vs. Russia | Russia crossed the border first
37
Battle of Tannenburg
Germany vs. Russia | Russia retreats
38
Austria-Hungary also forced Russia to...
retreat
39
how many are dead in Russia after all this fighting
5.5 million
40
Gallipoli Campaign
plan is for allies to attack at the Dardanelles then attack constantinople and that will establish a supply line to Russia
41
WHat happens as a result of the Gallipoli Campaign
we wind up in a stalemate and dig trenches we fight from Feb-Dec and the Allies retreat No supply line to Russia
42
what do colonies mean during war
extra raw materials and labor source
43
what do the colonies think that they will gain if they aid in the war
they believe they will gain their independence
44
how many African COlonies does Germany have and what happens to them
4 | BR and FR attack them and take three
45
WHO TAKES OVER GERMANY'S ASIAN COLONIES
JAPAN
46
LUSITANIA
A BR PASSENGER SHIP THE GERMANS SUNK THIS AND KILLED ABOUT 130 AMERICANS THE US GOT MAD IT HAD MILITARY RELATED STUFF ON IT
47
UNRESTRICTED SUBMARINE WARFARE
GERMANS DECLARED ANY SHIP ANYWHERE CLOSE TO ENGLAND WILL BE SHOT DOWN BECAUSE THEY WANTED TO BLOCKADE ENGLAND
48
THE GERMANS THOUGHT THEY COULD GET ENGLAND TO SURRENDER BEFORE...
THE AMERICANS DECLARED WAR ON THEM
49
ZIMMERMAN NOTE
THE BR INTERCEPT A GERMAN TELEGRAM WHERE THE GERMANS ARE TALKING TO MEXICO ABOUT MAKING A DEAL: IF THEY JUMP IN THE WAR ON THE SIDE OF THE CENTRAL POWERS THEN THEY WILL HELP THEM WIN BACK THE LAND THEY LOST TO THE US
50
AFTER THE ZIMMERMAN NOTE...
THE US DECLARED WAR ON GERMANY
51
TOTAL WAR
FOR ALL THE COUNTRIES INVOLVED, ALL OF THEIR RESOURCES ARE GOING TO THE WAR EFFORT
52
RESULTS OF THE WAR
RATIONING, PROPAGANDA, WOMEN WORKING
53
REVOLUTION IN RUSSIA
CZAR NICHOLAS I IS FORCED TO STEP DOWN AND THEY SET UP A PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT THAT DECIDES TO CONTINUE ON IN THE WAR
54
LENIN
TAKES OVER RUSSIA AND SIGNS THE TREATY OF BREST-LITOVSK WHICH WAS A TRUCE WITH GERMANY
55
SECOND BATTLE OF THE MARNE
ALLIES ARE ABLE TO STOP THE GERMANS AND FORCE THEM TO START RETREATING
56
WHO DROPS OUT OF THE WAR AFTER THE SECOND BATTLE OF THE MARNE
BULGARIA AND THE OTTOMANS | AUSTRIA-HUNGARY NEXT
57
WHO STEPS DOWN BECAUSE PEOPLE TURN AGAINST HIM
WILHELM I
58
ARMISTICE IS SIGNED WHICH IS AN..
AGREEMENT TO STOP FIGHTING
59
LEGACY OF THE WAR
8.5 MILLION DIED IN THE WAR, 21 MILLION WOUNDED, COUNTLESS CIVILIAN DEATHS, $338 BILLION, WIDESPREAD DESTRUCTION OF CROPS, FARMS, VILLAGES, HOMES, TOWNS, LOST GENERATION SHOWED IN ART AND LIT
60
PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE
32 COUNTRIES ARE REP'D AT THIS | GERMANY AND RUSSIA NOT ALLOWED TO ATTEND
61
BIG FOUR
WILSON-US CLEMENCEAU-FRANCE GEORGE-BRITAIN ORLANDO-ITALY
62
WHO CAME TO THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE WITH A PLAN AND WANTED A FAIR TREATY
WILSON
63
WHO WAS ANGRY AND WANTED GERMANY TO PAY
CLEMENCEAU AND GEORGE
64
FOURTEEN POINTS
THE PLAN THEY CAME UP WITH AT THE PPC 1-5 HOW WE SHOULD TREAT EACH OTHER 6-13 CREATED NEW NATIONS BASED ON IDEA OF SELF DETERMINATION 14 ASSOCIATION OF NATIONS
65
TREATY OF VERSAILLES
JUNE 28, 1919 | TREATY BETWEEN ALLIES AND GERMANY
66
WHAT HAPPENED TO GERMANY AS A RESULT OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES
THEY LOST LAND TO EUROPE, LOST ALL THEIR COLONIES, RESTRICTIONS ON MILITARY, HAD TO AGREE TO ARTICLE 231
67
WHAT WAS ARTICLE 231 OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES
THE WAR GUILT CLAUSE | MADE GERMANY TAKE RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE WAR AND FORCES THEM TO PAY REPARATIONS
68
WHAT DID THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES CREATE
THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS BUT GERMANY AND RUSSIA WERE NOT ALLOWED TO JOIN
69
DID THE US EVER SIGN THE TREATY? WHY OR WHY NOT?
NO; EVENTUALLY SIGNED A SEPARATE ONE BECAUSE CONGRESS DID NOT APPROVE OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
70
WHAT ELSE HAPPENED AS A RESULT OF THE TREATY
GERMANS WERE ANGRY AND BITTER, COLONIES WANTED INDEPENDENCE, ITALY AND JAPAN WERE UNHAPPY BECAUSE THEY BARELY GOT ANYTHING, LEAGUE OF NATIONS WAS INEFFECTIVE
71
WHAT IS THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES NICKNAMED
A PEACE BUILT ON QUICKSAND

Harrison (8 decks)

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