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Harrison > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

what were the three forces pushing the world toward war

A

Nationalism
Imperialism
Militarism

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2
Q

The alliance system

A

also was a major factor in pushing the world into war

formed because Bismarck believed France needed to be isolated

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3
Q

Dual alliance

A

Germany and Austria

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4
Q

dual alliance turned into the…and it consisted of

A

Triple alliance

Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy

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5
Q

Germany made a separate alliance with..

A

Russia

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6
Q

Does not want to share power with Bismarck and takes over

A

Kaiser Wilhelm II

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7
Q

What does Wilhelm do that starts things off badly

A

allows treaty with Russia to expire without contacting them at all

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8
Q

What does Russia do as a result of Wilhelm’s decision?

A

makes a defensive alliance with France

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9
Q

What does Germany do that makes Britain mad/scared

A

builds up their navy and builds many ships

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10
Q

Triple Entente

A

an agreement not to fight against each other

Britain, France, and Russia

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11
Q

What does Serbia want to do in the Balkans

A

unite all the slavs

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12
Q

Serbia makes an announcement about what they plan to do in the Balkans and Austria-Hungary…

A

takes Bosnia that is in the Balkans and contains a lot of Slavs

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13
Q

What day are Archduke Franz Ferdinand and wife Sophie killed and how/where does this happen

A

June 28, 1914
in Sarajevo-capital of Bosnia
Princip jumps in the car and shoots both

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14
Q

WHo is princip

A

a serbian, member of the Blackhand

kills Archduke Franz Ferdinand and Sophie

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15
Q

What is the Blackhand

A

a group in Serbia that wanted to get Austria-Hungary out of BOsnia

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16
Q

why is it so horrible that Ferdinand was killed

A

he was the heir to the throne of austria-hungary

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17
Q

who does austria-hungary blame everything on and what do they give them

A

Serbia
an ultimatum or list of unrealistic, unreasonable demands that they must accept or else they are going to come in and destroy everything

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18
Q

What is serbias reaction to this ultimatum

A

they agree to most of these demands and decide to have an International Conference to meet and discuss a few of them

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19
Q

did austria-hungary accept this offer

A

no, declared war on them

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20
Q

Who does serbia ask for help in the war against Austria-Hungary

A

Russia

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21
Q

where does russia move it’s troops to

A

its borders with germany and austria-hungary

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22
Q

who does germany declare war on first

A

Russia

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23
Q

two days later they declare war on

A

France

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24
Q

What does Germany ask Belgium

A

if they can go through Belgium and they say no because they are neutral

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25
Q

The Triple Entente turns into

A

the Allies

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26
Q

who is a part of the Allies

A

France, Russia, Britain, Italy, and Japan

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27
Q

The Triple Alliance becomes…

A

the Central Powers

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28
Q

The Central Powers consists of…

A

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottomans

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29
Q

Schlieffen Plan

A

Germany’s plan to fight a two front war
throw everything they have at France and get a quick victory there then take everything to Russia and fight because Russia won’t be able to get to the borders as fast b/c they are not industrialized

30
Q

The First Battle of the Marne

A

the most important battle of the war
French won b/c they threw everything they had into this battle and they knew that this battle would determine the rest of the war
They make the Germans retreat

31
Q

The Western Front comes to a…

A

stalemate

32
Q

what is the result of the stalemate on the western Front

A

they use trench warfare
500 miles down to Switzerland
No man’s land in between the opposing trenches

33
Q

new weapons used during this war

A

machine guns, poison gas, submarines, tanks, airplanes, artillery shells

34
Q

Battle of Verdun

A

trying to get out of trenches
French vs. Germans
French ask British for help in this battle
Germans gained 4 miles

35
Q

Battle of Somme

A

British attack Germany
over 1 million dead
British gained 5 miles

36
Q

eastern Front

A

Germany vs. Russia

Russia crossed the border first

37
Q

Battle of Tannenburg

A

Germany vs. Russia

Russia retreats

38
Q

Austria-Hungary also forced Russia to…

A

retreat

39
Q

how many are dead in Russia after all this fighting

A

5.5 million

40
Q

Gallipoli Campaign

A

plan is for allies to attack at the Dardanelles then attack constantinople and that will establish a supply line to Russia

41
Q

WHat happens as a result of the Gallipoli Campaign

A

we wind up in a stalemate and dig trenches
we fight from Feb-Dec and the Allies retreat
No supply line to Russia

42
Q

what do colonies mean during war

A

extra raw materials and labor source

43
Q

what do the colonies think that they will gain if they aid in the war

A

they believe they will gain their independence

44
Q

how many African COlonies does Germany have and what happens to them

A

4

BR and FR attack them and take three

45
Q

WHO TAKES OVER GERMANY’S ASIAN COLONIES

A

JAPAN

46
Q

LUSITANIA

A

A BR PASSENGER SHIP
THE GERMANS SUNK THIS AND KILLED ABOUT 130 AMERICANS
THE US GOT MAD
IT HAD MILITARY RELATED STUFF ON IT

47
Q

UNRESTRICTED SUBMARINE WARFARE

A

GERMANS DECLARED ANY SHIP ANYWHERE CLOSE TO ENGLAND WILL BE SHOT DOWN BECAUSE THEY WANTED TO BLOCKADE ENGLAND

48
Q

THE GERMANS THOUGHT THEY COULD GET ENGLAND TO SURRENDER BEFORE…

A

THE AMERICANS DECLARED WAR ON THEM

49
Q

ZIMMERMAN NOTE

A

THE BR INTERCEPT A GERMAN TELEGRAM WHERE THE GERMANS ARE TALKING TO MEXICO ABOUT MAKING A DEAL: IF THEY JUMP IN THE WAR ON THE SIDE OF THE CENTRAL POWERS THEN THEY WILL HELP THEM WIN BACK THE LAND THEY LOST TO THE US

50
Q

AFTER THE ZIMMERMAN NOTE…

A

THE US DECLARED WAR ON GERMANY

51
Q

TOTAL WAR

A

FOR ALL THE COUNTRIES INVOLVED, ALL OF THEIR RESOURCES ARE GOING TO THE WAR EFFORT

52
Q

RESULTS OF THE WAR

A

RATIONING, PROPAGANDA, WOMEN WORKING

53
Q

REVOLUTION IN RUSSIA

A

CZAR NICHOLAS I IS FORCED TO STEP DOWN AND THEY SET UP A PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT THAT DECIDES TO CONTINUE ON IN THE WAR

54
Q

LENIN

A

TAKES OVER RUSSIA AND SIGNS THE TREATY OF BREST-LITOVSK WHICH WAS A TRUCE WITH GERMANY

55
Q

SECOND BATTLE OF THE MARNE

A

ALLIES ARE ABLE TO STOP THE GERMANS AND FORCE THEM TO START RETREATING

56
Q

WHO DROPS OUT OF THE WAR AFTER THE SECOND BATTLE OF THE MARNE

A

BULGARIA AND THE OTTOMANS

AUSTRIA-HUNGARY NEXT

57
Q

WHO STEPS DOWN BECAUSE PEOPLE TURN AGAINST HIM

A

WILHELM I

58
Q

ARMISTICE IS SIGNED WHICH IS AN..

A

AGREEMENT TO STOP FIGHTING

59
Q

LEGACY OF THE WAR

A

8.5 MILLION DIED IN THE WAR, 21 MILLION WOUNDED, COUNTLESS CIVILIAN DEATHS, $338 BILLION, WIDESPREAD DESTRUCTION OF CROPS, FARMS, VILLAGES, HOMES, TOWNS, LOST GENERATION SHOWED IN ART AND LIT

60
Q

PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE

A

32 COUNTRIES ARE REP’D AT THIS

GERMANY AND RUSSIA NOT ALLOWED TO ATTEND

61
Q

BIG FOUR

A

WILSON-US
CLEMENCEAU-FRANCE
GEORGE-BRITAIN
ORLANDO-ITALY

62
Q

WHO CAME TO THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE WITH A PLAN AND WANTED A FAIR TREATY

A

WILSON

63
Q

WHO WAS ANGRY AND WANTED GERMANY TO PAY

A

CLEMENCEAU AND GEORGE

64
Q

FOURTEEN POINTS

A

THE PLAN THEY CAME UP WITH AT THE PPC
1-5 HOW WE SHOULD TREAT EACH OTHER
6-13 CREATED NEW NATIONS BASED ON IDEA OF SELF DETERMINATION
14 ASSOCIATION OF NATIONS

65
Q

TREATY OF VERSAILLES

A

JUNE 28, 1919

TREATY BETWEEN ALLIES AND GERMANY

66
Q

WHAT HAPPENED TO GERMANY AS A RESULT OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES

A

THEY LOST LAND TO EUROPE, LOST ALL THEIR COLONIES, RESTRICTIONS ON MILITARY, HAD TO AGREE TO ARTICLE 231

67
Q

WHAT WAS ARTICLE 231 OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES

A

THE WAR GUILT CLAUSE

MADE GERMANY TAKE RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE WAR AND FORCES THEM TO PAY REPARATIONS

68
Q

WHAT DID THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES CREATE

A

THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS BUT GERMANY AND RUSSIA WERE NOT ALLOWED TO JOIN

69
Q

DID THE US EVER SIGN THE TREATY? WHY OR WHY NOT?

A

NO; EVENTUALLY SIGNED A SEPARATE ONE BECAUSE CONGRESS DID NOT APPROVE OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS

70
Q

WHAT ELSE HAPPENED AS A RESULT OF THE TREATY

A

GERMANS WERE ANGRY AND BITTER, COLONIES WANTED INDEPENDENCE, ITALY AND JAPAN WERE UNHAPPY BECAUSE THEY BARELY GOT ANYTHING, LEAGUE OF NATIONS WAS INEFFECTIVE

71
Q

WHAT IS THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES NICKNAMED

A

A PEACE BUILT ON QUICKSAND

Harrison (8 decks)

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