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Chapter 7 Flashcards

preventing preoperative disease transmission

1
Q

microbes

A

aka microorganism

little life invisible to eye
natural part of the world, no way to fully remove

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2
Q

3 broad classifications of microbes

A

prokaryotes
eukaryotes
viruses

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3
Q

indigenous microflora

A

bacteria, fungi, virus, protozoa

live on skin and in body

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4
Q

opportunistic pathogen (form of indigenous microflora)

A

under normal conditions they are harmless

given “opportunity” they become pathogens

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5
Q

human microbe relationship

A

symbiosis

  1. both benefitting
  2. just existing, no effect
  3. harmful
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6
Q

mutualism / synergism

A

both benefit and depend on each other

synergism- work together to achieve result neither could do alone

ex: bees and flowers

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7
Q

commensalism

A

one benefits and second one just chillin
ex: microflora on skin

prevents others from joining (competitive exclusion)

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8
Q

neutralism

A

two organisms occupy the same space w/o effect on each other

coexisting

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9
Q

antagonism

A

one interferes growth of others
produce toxic waste to others

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10
Q

forms of commensalism

A

neutralism + antagonism

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11
Q

parasitism

A

one organism benefits and host is harmed

pathogens
SSI from opportunistic microflora
HAI
viruses

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12
Q

the most common occurring pathogens associated with SSI

A

prokaryotes
eukaryotes
viruses
prions

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13
Q

if dealing with prions (mixes proteins in brains to go crazy)

A

hard to kill with sterilization bc protein not virus

use only disposable instruments + drape as much as possible

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14
Q

4 most common infections at hospital

A
  1. SSI
  2. pneumonia
  3. GI infection
  4. UTI
  5. bloodstream infections
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15
Q

primary goal of STSR with SSI

A

vigilant with aspects and sterile techniques to prevent transmition

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16
Q

bacteria

A

prokaryotes that divide by binary fission

classified o specific characteristics observed in laboratory

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17
Q

how do you classify microbes

A

its relationship to other humans

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18
Q

BACTERIA IN TEXTBOOK

A

table 7-1 characteristics
table 7-2 bacteria pathogens
table 7-3 associated with SSI

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19
Q

30% of bacteria is

A

staphylococcus aureus

20
Q

25% of staphylocococcus aureus people are

A

carriers who only pass it on

21
Q

tuberculosis

A

usually infects lungs
-also kidneys, bones, joints, skin

22
Q

isolation precautions for TB

A

gloves
goggles
gown
n95 mask
pt education

23
Q

steps in transmitting air droplet virus

A

page 133!!

24
Q

STSR responsibilities for virus

A

follow standard precautions
—(ie droplet)
vaccinated

25
viral pathogens common to the OR
table 7-4!
26
emerging infectious diseases
humans are mobil: -endemic (localized) -epidemic (given population) -pandemic (world)
27
new bacterial multi resistant strains coming out
MDR-TB XDR-TB
28
another name for proteinaceous infections particle
prions
29
CJD disease
creutzfeldt- Jakobs disease mad cow disease/ scrapie - confusion, personality changes, unable to process vision, delusions, coordination, seizures
30
what happens in CJD disease
creates large holes in brain tissue, spills prions to further invade
31
prions
human to human transmission no vaccine/ cure resistant to sterilization methods
32
parasites
multicellular or unicellular tapeworms, round worms -through food or water -through skin -fecal/ oral -arthorpod bite
33
unicellular eukaryote protozoans
intestinal come from crowded environments -entamoebahistolytica (colonoscopy) -trichomonasvaginalis (urethra)
34
fungi
mycology - study of fungi -eukaryotic (yeast, mold) -reproduce (sexual meiosis)
35
most likely people to get fungi
HIV and AIDs
36
rhino cerebral zygomycosis
common bread mold face bone and tissue damage - requires lots of reconstruction
37
what are fomites
intimate objects
38
*what is staphylococcus aureus*
bacteria we hate microflora in skin deep at risk even in clean procedures
39
what happens if there's an infection in another part of the body
compromise, surgery postponed for elective
40
factors in risk of SSI
age obesity general health carriers of s aureus/ MRSA
41
biggest risk for SSI
smokers/ alcoholics
42
what to do for pre op hair remover
never use razor use clippers or cream
43
surgery classifications
clean (I)- joint clean contaminated (II) - bowel contaminated (IV) - ruptured gallbladder, mouth dirty (V) - trauma
44
how does duration of procedure effect SSI
longer the procedure, the more likely to contaminate longer tissues are handled, the more they are damaged surgical team fatigue
45

SURG TESTS (24 decks)

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