chapter 7

Question 1

what are metatheria?

Answer 1

Mammals that reproduce without a placenta, including the marsupials.

Question 2

what are prototheria?

Answer 2

Mammals that reproduce by egg-laying and then nurse young from nipples. The Australian platy- pus and echidna are the only living monotremes.

Question 3

what are eutheria?

Answer 3

Mammals that reproduce with a placenta and uterus.

Question 4

what are strepsirhine (Strepsirhini)

Answer 4

Suborder of the order Primates that includes the prosimians, excluding the tarsier.

Question 5

what is haplorhine (Haplorhini)?

Answer 5

Suborder of the order Primates that includes the anthropoids and the tarsier.

Question 6

what is a prosimian?

Answer 6

Member of the primate suborder Prosimii that includes the lemurs, lorises, galagos, and tarsiers.

Question 7

what are anthropoids?

Answer 7

Members of the primate suborder Anthropoidea that includes the monkeys, apes, and hominins

Question 8

what is the arboreal hypothesis?

Answer 8

Hypothesis for the origin of primate adaptation that focuses on the value of grasping hands and stereoscopic vision for life in the trees.

Question 9

what is the visual predation hypothesis?

Answer 9

Hypothesis for the origin of primate adaptation that focuses on the value of grasping hands and stereoscopic vision for catching small prey.

Question 10

what is the neocortex?

Answer 10

The part of the brain that controls higher cognitive function; the cerebrum.

Question 11

what is ontogeny?

Answer 11

The life cycle of an organism from conception to death.

Question 12

what does diurnal mean?

Answer 12

Active during daylight hours.

Question 13

what way of living is sociality for primates?

Answer 13

Group living; a fundamental trait of haplorhine primates.

Question 14

what are Platyrrhini?

Answer 14

old world monkeys from back in the day type shi.

Question 15

what are prehensile tails?

Answer 15

Grasping tail possessed by some species of the primate families Cebidae and Atelidae.

Question 16

what is polyandrous mating system?

Answer 16

Mating system in which one female mates with multiple males.

Question 17

what are Catarrhini?

Answer 17

Infraorder of the order Primates that includes the Old World mon- keys, apes, and hominins.

Question 18

what is estrus?

Answer 18

Hormonally influenced period of sexual receptivity in some female mammals that corresponds to the timing of ovulation.

Question 19

what are Hylobatidae?

Answer 19

The gibbon, or lesser ape, family.

Question 20

what are Homininae?

Answer 20

Subamily that includes all humans, modern and extinct, plus the African great apes (chimpanzee, bonobo, gorilla).

Question 21

what is brachiation?

Answer 21

Mode of arm-hanging and arm-swinging that uses a rotating shoulder to suspend the body of an ape or hominin beneath a branch or to travel between branches.

Question 22

what does frugivorous stand for?

Answer 22

Term describing an animal that eats a diet composed mainly of fruit.

Question 23

what is fission–fusion?

Answer 23

Form of mating system seen in chimpanzees, bonobos, and a few other primates in which there are temporary subgroups but no sta- ble, cohesive groups.

Question 24

what are galagos?

Answer 24

Small primates that live in many African forests; also called bushbabies.

Question 25

what is ecology?

Answer 25

The study of the interrelationships of plants, animals, and the physi- cal environment in which they live.

Question 26

what are folivores?

Answer 26

Animals that eat a diet composed mainly of leaves, or foliage.

Question 27

what is an activity budget?

Answer 27

The pattern of waking, eating, moving, socializing, and sleep- ing that all nonhuman primates engage in each day.

Question 28

what is a home range?

Answer 28

The spatial area used by a primate group.

Question 29

what is a core area?

Answer 29

The part of a home range that is most intensively used.