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AEMT > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Acetabulum

A

Depression in pelvis where femoral head fits

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2
Q

Acidosis

A

Condition that results form the accumulation of acids in the body. pH <7.35

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3
Q

Acromion process

A

Where shoulder attaches to clavicle

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4
Q

Adrenal cortex

A

Outer layer of adrenal gland. Produces hormones to regulate water and sal

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5
Q

Adrenal glands

A

Located on top of kidneys

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6
Q

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

A

Hormone that targets adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol

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7
Q

Afterload

A

Pressure in the aorta against which the left ventricle must pump blood; increased pressure decreases cardiac output

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8
Q

Agonist

A

Mimics action of a neurotransmitter or hormone

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9
Q

Arganulocytes

A

Leukocytes that lack granules

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10
Q

alkalosis

A

When blood is basic; pH >7.45

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11
Q

Alpha cells

A

Lockated on islets of langerhans that secrete glucagon

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12
Q

Alpha effects

A

Stimulation of alpha receptors that results in vasoconstriction

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13
Q

Alveolar ducts

A

Ducts at the division of respiratory system to separate bronchioles in lower airway; end in cluster of alveoli

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14
Q

Alveoli

A

Air sacs in lungs that exchange o2 and CO2

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15
Q

Antagonist

A

Substance that counteracts the effects of something.

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16
Q

Antibody

A

Protein in immune cells that bind antigens

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17
Q

Antigen

A

Stimulates protective proteins (antibodies)

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18
Q

Aortic arch

A

Part of the aorta where brachiocephalic, left common carotid, and subclavian arteries branch

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19
Q

Aortic valve

A

Between left ventricle and aorta, keeps blood from back flowing into ventricle.

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20
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

Arms, legs, pelvis, shoulder girdle

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21
Q

Appendix

A

Attached to lower border of cecum in lower right quadrant of the abdomen

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22
Q

Arachnoid

A

Middle of three meninges. Encloses brain and spinal chord

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23
Q

Areolar glands

A

Protect nipple during nursing.

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24
Q

Artery

A

Blood away from heart

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25
Q

Arteriol=es

A

Smallest branch of artery

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26
Q

Ascending aorta

A

First part of aorta, give rise to right and left main coronary arteries

27
Q

Atlanto-occipital joint

A

Between the atlas and occipital condyles

28
Q

Atlas

A

C1

29
Q

Atrioventricular (AV) node

A

Located in the right atrium adjacent to the septum that is responsible for transiently slowing electrical conduction

30
Q

Atrium

A

One of the two upper chambers of the heart

31
Q

Atrophy

A

Decrease in cell size from loss of subcellular componenets

32
Q

Auditory ossicles

A

Bones that aid in hearing in the temporal bone

33
Q

Axial skeleton

A

Skull, spinal column and rib cage

34
Q

Axillary vein

A

Vein that is formed from the combination of the basilic and cephalic veins; drains into subclavian vein

35
Q

Axis

A

C2

36
Q

Baroreceptors

A

Receptors in kidneys, brain and heart that respond to change in pressure

37
Q

Basilic vein

A

One of the two major veins of the arm

38
Q

Basophils

A

White blood cells that work to produce chemical mediators during na immune response

39
Q

Beta cells

A

Cells located in the islets of langerhans that secrete insuling

40
Q

Beta effects

A

Stimulation of beta receptors that results in inotropic, dromotropic, and chronotropic states.

41
Q

Bile ducts

A

From liver to intestine

42
Q

Biliruben

A

Waste of red blood cell destruction that undergoes further metabolism in the liver

43
Q

Bone marrow

A

Manufactures red blood cells

44
Q

Brain stem

A

Between spinal cord and cerebrum

45
Q

Bronchioles

A

Subdivisions of brochi

46
Q

Bronchospasm

A

Constriction of the airway

47
Q

Bruit

A

Whooshing sound indicating turbulent flow within a blood vessel

48
Q

Bundle of His

A

Continuation of atrioventricular node

49
Q

Bursa

A

Fluid between tendon and joint

50
Q

Calcitonin

A

Hormone important for regulation of calcium

51
Q

Cancellous bone

A

Lacey network of boney rods

52
Q

Capillaries

A

Microscopic blood vessels between arterioles and venules

53
Q

Cardiac output

A

blood pumped by heart per minute

54
Q

Carpometacarpal joint

A

Joint between writs and metacarpal bones

55
Q

Catecholamines

A

Hormone produced by adrenal medulla, increases heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure

56
Q

Cecum

A

First part of large intestine

57
Q

Cerebellum

A

1 of three sperations of brain, coordination

58
Q

Cerebrum

A

Largest part of brain, gray matter

59
Q

Chordae tendineae

A

Fibrous tissue that attaches to the valves of the heart and prevent thrm from inverting

60
Q

Choroid plexus

A

Specialized cells within hollow areas in the ventricles of the brain that produce cerebrospinal fluid

61
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A

Slow, progressive, irreversible disease of airway that causes destructive changes in the alveoli and bronchioles in the lungs

62
Q

Chronotropic state

A

Control of the heart’s rate of contraction

63
Q

Circumflex coronary arteries

A

One of the two branches of the left main coronary artery.

AEMT (9 decks)

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