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BSAVA Clin Path > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the constituents of plasma proteins?

A

Albumin, globulin, fibrinogen

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2
Q

What are the constituents of serum proteins?

A

Albumin, globulin

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3
Q

What falsely increases measurement of total solids?

A

Haemolysis
Lipaemia
Colloids
Hyperglycaemia
Azotaemia
^Na
^Cl
^Bil

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4
Q

What peaks are seen on SPE and what accounts for them?

A

Albumin
Alpha-globulins - a-antitrypsin, a-acid glycoprotein, a macroglubulin, ceruloplasmin, protein C, haptoglobin, a-lipoproteins
Beta globulins - fibrinogen, complement, CRP, ferritin, transferrin, IgA, IgM
Gamma globulins - Ig@, IgG, CRP

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5
Q

How is a final diagnosis of multiple myeloma reached in dogs?

A

3/4 of the following criteria:
Plasma cell infiltration of BM
Monoclonal gammopathy
Bony lytic lesions
BJ proteinuria

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6
Q

How does the presentation of multiple myeloma differ in cats?

A

Myeloma-related disorder
Monoclonal of biclonal gammopathy
Extramedullary involvement common (eg liver, spleen)
Lytic bone lesions uncommon
Bone marrow involvement in <50%

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7
Q

How common is hypercalcaemia in multiple myeloma?

A

10-20%

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8
Q

What neoplasia other than multiple myeloma is associated with hyperglobulinaemia?

A

Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia
Proliferation of lymphoplasmacytoid cells with small proportion plasma cells
IgM gammopathy - hyper viscosity common

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9
Q

Overproduction of which immunoglobulin is particularly associated with hyper viscosity?

A

IgM (largest)

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10
Q

Ddx for reduced albumin and globulin

A

PLE
Haemorrhage
Dermal loss
Septic peritonitis

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11
Q

Which breeds are overrepresented for lymphangiectasia?

A

Yorkshire Terriers
Norwegian Lundehunds
Soft Coated Wheaten Terriers

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12
Q

What breeds are overrepresented for IgA deficiency?
How do they present?

A

Beagles, GSDs, Shar Pei
Recurrent skin, urinary or respiratory infections

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13
Q

What breeds are overrepresented for IgG deficiency?
How do they present?

A

Weimaraners
Recurrent infections with left shift and poor response to treatment

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14
Q

What breeds are predisposed to X-linked combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID)?

A

Bassett Hounds and Corgi’s

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15
Q

What are the major, moderate and negative APPs in dogs?

A

Major - CRP, SAA
Moderate - Haptoglobulin, AGP, ceruloplasmin
Negative - Albumin, transferrin

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16
Q

What are the major, moderate and negative APPs in cats?

A

Major - SAA, AGP
Moderate - Haptoglobulin
Negative - Albumin, transferrin

17
Q

What is the main limitation of measuring haptoglobin?

A

Production increased by steroids (exogenous and endogenous)

18
Q

Which APPs reduce in response to treating HAC in dogs?

A

Haptoglobin and SAA

BSAVA Clin Path (25 decks)

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