Chapter 63- The Patient with a Seizure Disorder

Question 1

a paroxysmal (sudden) event that results from abnormal brain activity.

may involve loss of consciousness with or without convulsive movements or spasms.

Answer 1

seizure

Question 2

is a term to describe a group of functional disorders of the brain that are characterized by recurrent seizures. Seizures are a symptom of this…

Answer 2

epilepsy

Question 3

A seizure begins with abrupt symptoms that can be:

Answer 3

motor, sensory, cognitive, or emotional nature

Question 4

As seizures progress, it may or may not cause:

Answer 4

loss of consciousness, tonic (continual) and/or clonic (rapid) movements, incontinence, or tongue biting.

Question 5

What locations in the brain are triggered with epilepsy?

Answer 5

temporal, frontal, parietal, or occipital lobes).

Question 6

Types of seizures: (3 basic types)

Answer 6

• Generalized. Affects the entire brain at the same time.
• Focal. Involves only one part of the brain (called a partial seizure)
• Unknown. These include epileptic spasms.

Question 7

What is the prognosis of seizures?

Answer 7

prognosis for seizure control is good. Approximately 75% of patients become seizure free. Seizure disorders tend to stablilze, and not worsen over time.

Question 8

Primary Prevention of Seizures:

Answer 8

involves avoiding brain injury with protective devices.

Question 9

Secondary Prevention of Seizures:

Answer 9

involves early detections and compliance with recommended treatment.

Question 10

Teritary Prevention of Seizures:

Answer 10

involves interventions that decrease triggering factors that may cause seizures.

Question 11

This technique reduces risk of infection, bleeding, and hospitalization. Involves delivery of a focused does of radiation to the epileptogenic area in the brain.

Answer 11

Gamma- knife radiosurgery

Question 12

What is the goal of the ketogenic diet?

Answer 12

to induce fat metabolism and maintain ketosis through a diet high in fat and low in carbohydrates

Question 13

may cause fibroblasts and osteoblasts to deposit excessive extracellular matrix, causing gingival overgrowth.

Answer 13

Phenytoin

Question 14

Where does gingival hyperplasia occur?

Answer 14

the anterior gingiva are usually affected than are posterior, and maxillary more than mandibular

facial and proximal areas: more affected than lingual and palatal areas

Question 15

What does gingival hyperplasia orally effect?

Answer 15

dental biofilm control problem
may affect mastification may alter tooth eruption
may interfere with speech
may cause serious esthetic concerns