Chapter 6 Vocabulary

Question 1

Articles of Confederation

Answer 1

a set of laws adopted by the United States in 1777 that established each state in the union as a republic, replaced by the Constitution in 1789 (p. 222)

Question 2

counterattack

Answer 2

an attack made in response to a previous attack (p. 227)

Question 3

defensive war

Answer 3

a war to protect one’s own land, on familiar ground, from outside attackers (p. 222)

Question 4

fortification

Answer 4

a structure built to protect a place from attack (p. 227)

Question 5

mercenary

Answer 5

a soldier who is paid to fight for a country other than his or her own (p. 222)

Question 6

reinforcements

Answer 6

more soldiers and supplies sent to help military troops engage in warfare (p. 224)

Question 7

republic

Answer 7

a form of government in which the people elect representatives to speak for them and enact laws based on their needs (p. 222)

Question 8

bayonet

Answer 8

a sharp blade attached to the end of a rifle (p. 228)

Question 9

blockade

Answer 9

to block ships from entering or leaving a harbor (p. 228)

Question 10

desert

Answer 10

to run away from the army or another branch of the military to avoid military service (p. 231)

Question 11

espionage

Answer 11

the practice of spying to obtain information (p. 232)

Question 12

financier

Answer 12

a person who lends or manages money for a business or undertaking (p. 229)

Question 13

skirmish

Answer 13

a small, short-lasting battle (p. 231)

Question 14

expertise

Answer 14

an expert knowledge or skill (p. 241)

Question 15

guerilla

Answer 15

relating to an independent military group that uses methods such as sneak attacks and sabotage (p. 237)

Question 16

pacifist

Answer 16

a person who stands against war and violence (p. 239)

Question 17

provisions

Answer 17

the supplies of food, water, and other items needed for a journey

Question 18

republicanism

Answer 18

a government in which people choose representatives to make their laws (p. 244)

Question 19

Treaty of Paris of 1783

Answer 19

the binding agreement between Britain and the United States in which Britain acknowledged American independence, and the initial borders of the United States were determined (p. 244)