Chapter 4 Section 4 Flashcards
What is a midwife?
a woman who helps deliver babies
Who was George Whitefield?
A British minister who used theatrical gestures and thundering, he drew crowds of thousands to his sermons during the Great Awakening.
What are some of philosopher John Locke’s beliefs?
John Locke argued that all humans were born with natural rights, such as life and liberty, that governments could rule only with consent of the people, and that people had a right to overthrow unjust rulers.
How did Parliament and colonial assemblies differ?
Assembly members had to live in the districts they represented, but members of Parliament did not.
What content in the New York Weekly Journal led to Zenger’s libel trial?
articles about a colonial governor who removed a judge and tried to rig an election
What is the policy of salutary neglect?
the English government did not enforce its policies and laws in the colonies and allowed the colonies to govern themselves
What requirements did a person have to meet to be eligible to vote in colonial America?
To be eligible to vote, a person had to be a white adult male landowner. Adult white men who owned only a little land or personal property had to pay a tax to vote.
What details support the idea that wealth was not evenly distributed in colonial American cities?
Some merchants, wealthy from colonial and international trade, built mansions, owned coaches, and hired servants. Many city dwellers were unemployed or worked for low wages.
What was the Great Awakening?
The Great Awakening was a series of religious revivals that began in the 1730s. Ministers from various faiths used them to call for a return to church participation and a recommitment to spiritual beliefs.
What did the Enlightenment and the Great Awakening contribute to colonial views about equality and government?
The Great Awakening invited people to connect with God without church officials and to think of themselves as equals with those in power or socially higher. Enlightenment thinkers emphasized reason and freedom over superstition and ignorance and encouraged people to challenge unjust authority to protect their natural rights.
How did Parliament influence the growth of representative government in the colonies?
The colonists were influenced by Parliament to form elected colonial assemblies that were similar to the House of Commons.
What rights did Parliament establish in the English Bill of Rights?
The English Bill of Rights gave Parliament the right to create taxes and pass laws, and it protected citizens’ rights. It made the courts independent and prevented the monarch from raising an army and invading countries without Parliament’s permission.
Why was John Peter Zenger charged with libel?
Zenger’s paper, the New York Weekly Journal, printed articles criticizing William Cosby, the governor of New York.
Why did Governor Cosby assume that John Peter Zenger would be found guilty?
At the time, it was illegal to criticize the government in print, even if the criticisms were true. Zenger’s paper had printed articles that criticized the governor, so by definition, he was guilty of libel.
