Chapter 6 Vocab. Flashcards
Consists of DNA and protein molecules coiled into a definite shape.
Chromosome
The process in which DNA is copied
DNA replication
Division of the nucleus which occurs only in eukaryotic cells.
Mitosis
Chromosomes form, and the nuclear membrane breaks down.
Prophase
Spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the sister chromatids.
Metaphase
Spindle fibers shorten, pulling the sister chromatid toward the opposite poles of the cell.
Anaphase
The chromosomes uncoil and the spindle fibers break down.
Telophase
All of the stages a cell goes through.
Cell cycle
Is longer then mitosis phase and is divided into 3 phases.
Interphase
It is the 3rd step in division of a cell and it is a prokaryotic cell.
Cytokinesis
Occurs when a parent cell simply splits into two daughter cells.
Binary fission
The nuclei acid that stores genetic information.
DNA
The division of a cell into two daughters cells with the same genetic material.
Cell division
A type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism.
Asexual reproduction
Continuing two complete sets of chromosomes.
Diploid
The roundish reproduction body produce by the female of certain animals.
Egg
The process by which two gametes fuse to become a zygote.
Fertilization
A mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex.
Gamete
Having a single set of unpuined chromosomes.
Haploid
Chromosomes pains one from each parents.
Homologous chromosomes
A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes.
Meiosis
The production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals.
Sexual reproduction
The male gamete or reproductive cell involved in sexual reproduction.
Sperm
A diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes
Zygote
A sequence of three nucleotide that together form a unit of genetic code.
Codon
The nucleotide of DNA and RNA molecules that carry genetic information in living cells
Genetic code
Radiation or a chemical substance.
Mutagen
The chunging of the structure of a gene
Mutation
The process by which individual amino acids are connected to each other in a specific order dictatea by the nucleotide sequence in DNA.
Protein synthesis
A nucleic acid present in all living cells
RNA
The action or process of the transcribing something.
Transcription
The process of making an RNA copy of even sequence.
Translation
