Chapter 6 Urban America 1865-1896

Question 1

steerage

Answer 1

the cheapest accommodations on a steamship

Question 2

Ellis Island

Answer 2

A tiny island in New York Harbor. Home of a large building that served as a processing center for immigrants arriving from europe after 1892

Question 3

Angel Island

Answer 3

Barracks in california for asian immigrants

Question 4

Chinese Exclusion Act

Answer 4

Law passed in 1882 that barred Chinese immigration for 10 years and prevented the chinese already in america from becoming citizens

Question 5

Louis Sullivan

Answer 5

Chicago Architect who mainly contributed to the creation of Skyscrapers

Question 6

Political machine

Answer 6

An informal political group designed to gain and keep power. Provided jobs, housing, food, heat, and police protection in exchange for votes.

Question 7

Graft

Answer 7

Fraud- getting money through dishonest or questionable ways.

Question 8

William “Boss” Tweed

Answer 8

Leader of Tammany Hall, the new york city democratic political machine. Tweeds corruptness led to a prison sentence.

Question 9

Individualism

Answer 9

many americans believed that No matter how humble their origins, they could rise in society and go as far as their talents and commitment would take them

Question 10

Jacob Riis

Answer 10

A Danish-born journalist

Question 11

Nativism

Answer 11

extreme dislike of immigrants by native-born people

Question 12

Skyscrapers

Answer 12

tall, steel frame buildings

Question 13

tenements

Answer 13

apartments that were crowded by working class families

Question 14

party bosses

Answer 14

people who ran political machines and controlled the city’s finances

Question 15

George Plunkitt

Answer 15

One of New York’s most powerful party bosses, that defended what he called “honest graft”

Question 16

Gilded Age

Answer 16

a period between 1870 and 1900 where there was transformation in the economy, technology, government, and social customs of America

Question 17

Gospel of wealth

Answer 17

Andrew Carnegies version of social Darwinism that was much gentler.

Question 18

Mark Twain

Answer 18

American Writer

Question 19

Settlement House

Answer 19

Reformers established settlement houses in poor, heavily immigrant neighborhoods. A settlement house was a community center where reformers resided and provided medical care and english classes

Question 20

Americanization

Answer 20

Immigrant children were taught english and learned about american history and culture

Question 21

Philanthropy

Answer 21

the desire to promote the welfare of others, expressed especially by the generous donation of money to good causes

Question 22

Social Gospel

Answer 22

a movement that worked to better conditions in cities according to the biblical ideals of charity and justice

Question 23

Jane Addams

Answer 23

creator of the Hull House and a activist, reformer, social worker, sociologist, public administrator and author

Question 24

populism

Answer 24

a movement to increase farmer’s political power and to work for legislation in interest

Question 25

William McKinley

Answer 25

The governor of Ohio, later elected president

Question 26

cooperatives

Answer 26

marketing organizations that try to increase prices and lower costs for their members

Question 27

Lynchings

Answer 27

Hangings without proper court proceedings

Question 28

William Jennings Bryan

Answer 28

a strong supporter of silver that lost the presidential election to McKinley

Question 29

W. E. B. Du Bois

Answer 29

the leader of a new generation of African American activists that fought for civil rights

Question 30

Jim crow laws

Answer 30

laws that enforced discrimination

Question 31

Greenbacks

Answer 31

paper currency that could not be exchanged for silver or gold.

Question 32

deflation

Answer 32

an increase in the value of money and decrease in price of goods.

Question 33

Farmers alliance

Answer 33

American agrarian movement during the 1870s and ’80s that sought to improve the economic conditions for farmers through the creation of cooperatives and political advocacy. The movement was made up of numerous local organizations that coalesced into three large groupings.

Question 34

Graduated income tax

Answer 34

Taxed higher earnings more heavily

Question 35

William McKinley

Answer 35

The governor of ohio, later elected president

Question 36

segregation

Answer 36

Separation of the races

Question 37

Ida B. Wells

Answer 37

A woman that launched a crusade against lynching

Question 38

W. E. B. Du Bois

Answer 38

the leader of a new generation of African American activists

Question 39

Booker T. Washington

Answer 39

Most famous African american of the 1900’s. He proposed that African Americans should focus on achieving economic goals rather than political ones.