Chapter 6 Test Flashcards
The inverse square law relates intensity (of light/xrays)) to
a.) mass
b.) time
c.) distance
d.) velocity
c.) distance
Which of the following is NOT a contributor to xray beam quality?
a.) kvp
b.) mas
c.) filtration
d.) penetrability
b.) mas
An increase in total filtration of the xray beam will decrease
a.) IR exposure
b.) beam HVL
c.) the average energy of the xray beam
d.) image quality
e.) IR exposure
e.) IR exposure
A decrease in kvp will result in which of the following:
1.) a decrease in photon energy
2.) an increase in average filtration
3.) a decrease in receptor exposure
4.) an increase in beam penetrabilty
5.) a 15 percent increase in mas
a.) 1, 2, and 3
b.) 2 and 3
c.) 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5
d.) 1, 3 and 5
e.) 1 and 3
e.) 1 and 3
What combination of factors results in the highest quality xray beam?
a.) 96 kvp, 50 mas, 2.5 mm AL
b.) 82 kvp, 25 mas, 3.5 mm AL
c.) 96 kvp, 15 mas, 3.5 mm AL
c.) 96 kvp, 15 mas, 3.5 mm AL
Shorthand for atomic number is Z
a.) true
b.) fasle
a.) true
The radiographer has no control over the penetrability of the xray beam
a.) true
b.) false
b.) fasle
When xray tube filtration is increased, xray quality
a.) decreases
b.) increases
c.) filtration doesnt affect beam quality
d.) remains the same
b.) increases
In a tungsten atom a brems interaction will occur when the incident electron _____________.
a.) strikes the nucleus
b.) strikes an outer shell electron
c.) interacts with the force field around the nucleus
d.) strikes an inner shell electron
c.) interacts with the force field around the nucleus
How will xray photon intensity be affected if the source to image distance (SID) is doubled?
a.) its intensity increases two fold
b.) its intensity increases four fold
c.) its intensity decrease two fold
d.) its intensity decreases four fold
d.) its intensity decreases four fold
When xray tube filtration is increases, xray quantity
a.) decreases
b.) increases
c.) remains the same
d.) filtration doesnt affect quantity
a.) decreases
If kvp is doubled, beam quantity will:
a.) be cut in half
b.) double
c.) increase by a factor of 4
d.) increase by a factor of 2
c.) increase by a factor of 4
The energy of a brems photon is dependent on which of the following variables?
a.) direct impact with the nucleus
b.) proximity of the incident electron to the nucleus
c.) binding energy of orbital electrons
d.) electron binding energy of the k shell
b.) proximity of the incident electron to the nucleus
Brems photons are graphically represents by:
a.) quality emission spectrum
b.) continuous emission spectrum
c.) electromagnetic spectrum
d.) discrete emission spectrum
b.) continuous emission spectrum
Added filtration affects the xray beam in what way?
a.) poorer beam quality
b.) higher beam quantity
c.) increased beam hardening
d.) higher patient dose
c.) increased beam hardening
As the kvp increases (choose all that apply)
a.) beam quantity increases
b.) beam energy decreases
c.) beam peentrability increases
d.) beam quality remains the same while the quantityincreases
a.) beam quantity increases
c.) beam penetrability increases
As mas increases, quality:
a.) decreases
b.) is unaffected
c.) increases
d.) increases by a factor of 4
b.) is unaffected
Distance and xray beam quantity or intensity share what kind of relationship?
a.) inverse
b.) direct
a.) inverse
When distance is increased, xray quantity at that distance:
a.) decreases in proportion to the distance squared
b.) decreases proportionately
c.) remains the same
d.) increases proportional to the distance squared
a.) decreases in proportion to the distance squared
Which of the following effect xray beam quantity? choose all that apply
a.) kvp
b.) intensity
c.) total number of photons
d.) radiation dose
a.) kvp
b.) intensity
c.) total number of photons
d.) radiation dose
To maintain density in an image what percentage increase in kvp should be accompanied by a reduction of one half mas?
a.) 15 percent
b.) 10 percent
c.) 5 percent
d.) 50 percent
a.) 15 percent
Characteristic photon energy is equal to:
a.) the binding energy of outer shell electron
b.) the sum of the original and final energy of the incident electrons
c.) the difference between electron shell energies
d.) the kvp set by the tech
c.) the difference between electron shell energies
During an xray exposure an incident electron strikes the anode with an energy of 84 kev and passes very close to the nucleus what is the approxiamte energy of the beams photon?
a.) 69
b.) 1
c.) 16
d.) slightly less than 84
d.) slightly less than 84
How does increasing the distance from the xray tube influence characterisitcs of the xray beam?
a.) increases quality
b.) increases quantity
c.) decreases quality
d.) decreases quantity
d.) decreases quantity
The total number of xray photons in a beam is referred to as the:
a.) xray number
b.) xray quality
c.) xray quantity
d.) xray beam
c.) xray quantity
What is the bidning energy of a k shell in a tungsten atom?
a.) 74 mas
b.) 69.5 kev
c.) 74 kev
d.) 32.5 kev
b.) 69.5 kev
The __________ beam exits the collimator and exposes the patient while the _____________ beam exits the patient and strikes the IR.
a.) primary; remnant
b.) remnant; primary
c.) exit; remnant
d.) exit; primary
a.) primary; remnant
Characteristics photons are graphically represented by the:
a.) discrete emission spectrim
b.) continous emission spectrum
c.) quality emission spectrum
d.) electromagnetic emission spectrum
a.) discrete emission spectrum
The average energy of the xray beam is called;
a.) beam quanitty
b.) beam quality
c.) beam velocity
d.) beam intensity
b.) beam quality
How does an increase from 70 to 100 kvp affect the energy of a k shell characteristics photon?
a.) decreases
b.) no change
c.) increases
d.) more info is required
b.) no change
What is produced when an incident electron excites an outer shell electron?
a.) characteristic photon
b.) low energy characteristics electron
c.) heat
d.) brems photon
c.) heat
Which of the following sets will produce the highest quality xray beam?
a.) 110 kvp and 26 mas
b.) 65 kvp and 12 mas
c.) 115 kvp and 3 mas
d.) 80 kvp and 60 mas
c.) 115 kvp and 3 mas
to double the beam quality:
a.) increase the mas by a factor of 4
b.) double the mas
c.) leave the mas as is and reduce the kvp
d.) half the mas
b.) double the mas
A wedge, trough or boomerang filter is also known as:
a.) a device to replace added filtration
b.) a compensating filter
c.) added filtration
d.) inherent filtration
b.) a compensating filter
Aluminim filtration has its greatest effect on :
a.) low energy xray phtons
b.) low energy scattered photons
c.) high energy scattered phtons
d.) high energy xray phtons
a.) low energy xray photons
How does an increase of 25 mas to 50 mas affect xray beam quality?
a.) it has no affect
b.) increases quality
c.) decreases quality
d.) it depends on the focal spot size
a.) it has no affect
Another meaning of xray quantity is xray:
a.) intenisty
b.) penetrability
c.) filtration
d.) energy
a.) intensity
Xray beam quantity refers to:
a.) velocity of phtons in a beam
b.) penetrating ability of the beam
c.) average energy of a beam
d.) the total number of phtons in a beam
d.) the total number of phtons in a beam
What is the primary purpose of filtration?
a.) to decrease patient dose
b.) increase image quality
c.) decrease beam energy
d.) increase beam intensity
a.) to decrease patient dose
Which of the following terms are related to xray beam quantity?
a.) HVL
b.) energy
c.) intenisty
d.) penetrability
c.) intenisty
During an xray expousre an incident electron strikes the anode with an energy of 84 kev and passes very close to the tungsten nucleus what is the approximate energy of the incident electron as it exits the atoms?
a.) 1
b.) 110
c.) 69
d.) slightly less than 84
a.) 1
Xray beam quality refers to:
a.) the number of photons in an xray beam
b.) the average energy of the xray beam
c.) the intensity of the xray beam
d.) the velocity of photons in an xray beam
b.) the average energy of the xray beam
All of the following have an effect on patient dose except: choose all that apply
a.) inherent filtration
b.) milliamperage seconds
c.) compensating filters
d.) kilovoltage
e.) focal spot size
e.) focal spot size
The electron stream which bombards the anode is called:
a.) effective focal spot
b.) actual focal spot
b.) actual focal spot
The intensity of quantity of radiation diminishes with a decrease in distance
a.) true
b.) false
b.) false
When the mas is increased, xray quantity
a.) increase as the square of the mas
b.) decreases as the square of the mas
c.) decreases proportionately
d.) increases proportionately
d.) increases proportionately
if mas during an exam is increased by 50 percent
a.) patient exposure is increases by 50 percent
b.) kvp should be reduced by 4
c.) intenisty to the patient is increased 15 percent
d.) the scatter exposure to the operator is increased by 25 percent
a.) patient exposure is increased by 50 percentW
Which of the following statements defines electron binding energy?
a.) the energy of repulsion between protons in the nucleus
b.) the the energy released through the process of ionization
c.) the energy required to remove an electron from orbit
d.) the energy of attraction between orbital electrons
c.) the energy required to remove an electron from orbit
How does adding filtration to the xray tube assemnly change the characteristics of the xray beam?
a.) increase quantity, increase quality
b.) decreased quantity, increased quality
c.) decreased quantity, decreased quality
d.) increased quanitty, decreased quality
b.) decreased quanitity, increased quality
The process of removing an electron from an atom is:
a.) atomization
b.) none of the above
c.) ionization
d.) annihilation
c.) ionization
Which of the following terms is correctly used to describe xray beam quality?
a.) HVL
b.) ma
c.) intensity
d.) dose rate
a.) HVL
Most diagnostic xray units will have a total aluminum equivalent of:
2.5mm
Which of the following exposure factors controls the energy of the xray beam?
a.) exposure time
b.) kvp
c.) filtration
d.) mas
b.) kvp
In brems xray production:
a.) the projectile electron is bound to tungsten
b.) the target electron is from the cathode
c.) the target electron is ionized
d.) the projectile electron is from the cathode
d.) the projectile electron is from the cathode
Useful characteristics radiation is created within the xray tube when high energy electrons interact with:
a.) outer shell electrons
b.) electric field of the nucleus
c.) inner shell electrons
d.) nuclear force field of nucleus
c.) inner shell electrons
The energy of characteristic photons will change when which of the following variable is modified?
a.) filtration thickness
b.)) tube current
c.) tube voltage
d.) anode material
d.) anode material
Which interaction is responsible for producing the most xray photons at the xray tube target?
a.) brems
b.) characteristics
c.) photoelectric
d.) heat
a.) brems
