Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 1 > Chapter 6 - Structural Organisation In Animals > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - Structural Organisation In Animals Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The body of hydra is made up of _________ cells .

A

Different types

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

All complex organisms are made of only _________ basic types of tissues .

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The tissues are organised in specific _____ and ______ to form an organ

A

Proportions and pattern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The 4 animal tissues are -

A

Epithelial
Muscular
Connective
Neural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

This tissue has a free surface which faces either a body fluid or the outside environment .

A

Epithelial tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cells of epithelial tissue have ________ intercellular matrix .

A

Little ( they are compactly packed )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

_______ epithelium is composed of a single layer of cells .

A

Simple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Functions of simple epithelial tissue -

A

Lining for body cavities ,ducts ad tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

_______ epithelium has a PROTECTIVE function .

A

Compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Compound epithelium has _______ cell layer/layers .

A

2 or more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The protective function in our SKIN is carried out by which tissue -

A

Compound EPITHELIUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many types of simple epitheliums are there -

A

3
Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

_______ is made of a single layer of cells with IRREGULAR BOUNDARIES .

A

Simple squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Squamous epithelium is found in the walls of _______ and _______ of LUNGS .

A

BLOOD VESSEL

AIR SACS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Function of squamous epithelium -

A

Formation of diffusion boundaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

_______ is composed of a single layer of cube-like cells .

A

Cuboidal epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Tissue found in the tubular parts of nephrons -

A

Cuboidal epithelium ( simple )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

_______ epithelium is found in the ducts of glands .

A

Cuboidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Places where cuboidal epithelium is found -

A

Ducts of glands

Tubular parts of nephrons in the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Main functions of cuboidal epithelium -

A

Secretion and absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The epithelium of PCT of nephrons has _______ .

A

Microvilli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which tissue is found in the PCT of nephron -

A

Simple CUBOIDAL epithelium ( with microvilli )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Tissue composed of a single layer of tall and slender cell -

A

Simple Columnar epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Where are the nuclei of columnar epithelium situated ?

A

At the base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The free surface of columnar epithelium may have _________ .

A

Microvilli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Tissue lining the stomach and intestine -

A

Simple COLUMNAR epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Function of columnar epithelium -

A

Secretion and absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Parts where cuboidal epithelium with microvilli are found -

A

Lining of stomach and intestines .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

______ and ______ cells when bear cilia , are called ciliated epithelium .

A

Columnar

Cuboidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Their function is to move particles or mucus in a specific direction over the epithelium -

A

Ciliated epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Inner surface of hollow organs has which epithelium -

A

Ciliated ( columnar )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

.where are the ciliated epithelium present ?

A

Inner walls of hollow organs like bronchioles and Fallopian tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

some of the ________ or_______ cells get specialised for SECRETION and are called GLANDULAR EPITHELIUM .

A

Cuboidal

Columnar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Types of glandular epithelium -

A

2
Unicellular -isolated (GOBLET CELLS )
Multicellular -clustered (salivary glands )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Glandular epithelium is a type of ________ epithelium .

A

Columnar Or cuboidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Goblet cells are found in the -

A

Alimentary canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Example of isolated glandular cell -

A

Goblet ( unicellular )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Where are clusters of glandular epithelium found -

A

Salivary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

On what basis are the glands divided into exocrine and endocrine -

A

Basis of mode of pouring their secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Exocrine glands secrete -

A

Mucus , saliva , earwax , oil , milk and digestive enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

The products of ______ glands are released through tubes or ducts .

A

Exocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

_______ epithelium has a limited role in secretion and absorption . Why ?

A

Compound epithelium

Becoz it is multilayered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Main function of compound epithelium -

A

Protection against chemical and mechanical stresses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

They cover dry surface of the skin .

A

Compound epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Moist surface of buccal cavity is lined by which epithelium -

A

Compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Pharynx has which epithelium -

A

Compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Inner lining of PANCREATIC DUCT has ____ epithelium .

A

Compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Inner lining of ducts of SALIVARY GLANDS is covered by -

A

Compound epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Parts where compound epithelium is found -

A

Dry surface of skin
Moist surface of buccal cavity
Pharynx
Inner lining of ducts of salivary glands and of pancreatic ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

All cells in ______ tissue are held together with little intercellular material .

A

Epithelial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Cell junctions are found in the _________ .

A

Epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

3 types of cell junctions -

A

Gap
Tight
Adhering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

________ junctions help to stop substances from leaking across a tissue .

A

Tight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

_____ junctions perform cementing to keep neighbouring cells together .

A

Adherin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

_______ junctions facilitate the cells to communicate with each other .

A

Gap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

____________ junction connect cytoplasm of adjoining cells for rapid transfer of ions and small and big molecules .

A

Gap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Meaning of pliable -

A

Flexible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

In all connective tissues ( except blood , the cells secrete fibres of structural proteins called -

A

Collagen or elastin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Which connective tissue is devoid of collagen -

A

Blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

The fibres of connective tissue provide ____ ,____ and_____ to the tissue .

A

Strength
Elasticity
Flexibility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Matrix is a modified _______ .

A

Polysaccharide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

What do the cells of connective tissue secrete -

A 
Modified polysaccharides ( matrix )
Fibres of structural proteins ( collagen or elastin )
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Connective tissue cells secrete modified polysaccharides which accumulate between cells and fibres and act as _______

A

Matrix-ground substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Types of connective tissue-

A

3
Loose
Dense
Specialised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

_________ tissue has cells and fibres loosely arranged in a semi-fluid ground substance .

A

Loose connective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Types of loose connective tissue -

A

2
Areolar
Adipose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Adipose tissue is an example of -

A

Loose connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

______ tissue is present beneath the skin and serves as a support framework for epithelium .

A

Areolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Cells that produce and secrete fibres -

A

Fibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Components o areolar connective tissue -

A

3
Fibroblasts
Macrophages
Mast cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Adipose tissue is found where ?

A

Beneath the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

_______ tissues store fats.

A

Adipose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

_____ and ______ are compactly packed in the dense connective tissue .

A

Fibres

Fibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

On what basis are dense connective tissues divided into regular and irregular ?

A

On the orientation of fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

In __________ connective tissues , collagen fibres are present in rows between many parallel bundles of fibres .

A

Dense regular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

Examples of dense REGULAR connective tissue -

A

Tendons ( muscles to bones )

ligaments ( bone to bone )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

Ligament is a ______ connective tissue .

A

Dense regular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

_______ connective tissue has fibroblasts and many fibres ( mostly collagen ) that are oriented differently .

A

Dense irregular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue is found in the -

A

Skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

Specialised connective tissues are -

A

3
Cartilage
Bones
Blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

Cartilage is which type of tissue-

A

Specialised connective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

Bone is which type o f tissue -

A

Specialised connective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

Intercellular material in ________ is solid and pliable and resists compression .

A

Cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

Cells of cartilage -

A

Chondrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

Cells of this tissue ( chondrocytes ) are enclosed in small cavities within the matrix secreted by them .

A

Cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

______ is present between adjacent bones of the vertebral column

A

Cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

Bones have a hard and _____ ground substance rich in calcium salts and collagen fibres .

A

Non-pliable( not flexible )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

_______ give bone its strength .

A

Collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

Main tissue that provides structural frame to the body .

A

Bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

Bone cells are present in spaces called -

A

Lacunae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

Bone cells -

A

Osteocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

Blood is a _____ tissue .

A

Fluid connective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

Components of blood -

A

Plasma
RBCs
WBCs
Platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

Tissue present in the outer ear joints -

A

Cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

Each muscle is made of many long , cylindrical fibres arranged in ________ .

A

Parallel arrays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

Muscle fibres are composed of numerous fine _____ .

A

Fibrils - called MYOFIBRILS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

In which muscles are striated skeletal muscle fibres bundled together in a parallel fashion ?

A

Biceps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

Biceps are striated / smooth -

A

Striated - skeletal muscle -voluntary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

A sheath of tough __________ encloses several bundles of muscle fibres .

A

Tough connective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

_____ muscle fibres taper at both ends ( fusiform ) .

A

Smooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

Shape of smooth muscle fibres -

A

Fusiform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

________ hold together smooth muscles .

A

Cell junctions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
103
Q

Where are smooth muscle tissues found in our body ?

A

Wall of internal organs such as blood vessels , stomach and intestines .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
104
Q

_____ muscles are found in the walls of internal organs .

A

Smooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
105
Q

CARDIAC muscle tissue is a ______ tissue found only in the heart .

A

Contractile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
106
Q

Cell junctions fuse the ________ of cardiac muscle cells and make them stick together .

A

Plasma membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
107
Q

Communication junctions in the heart muscles are also called -

A

Intercalated discs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
108
Q

______ at some fusion points allow the cells to contract as a unit .

A

Intercalated discs / communication junctions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
109
Q

What happens when one cell receives a signal to contract , in a cardiac muscle ?

A

Its neighbouring cells are also stimulated to contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
110
Q

Unit of neural tissue -

A

Neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
111
Q

Neurons are _______ cells .

A

Excitable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
112
Q

Function of neuroglia cells -

A

To protect and support neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
113
Q

Neuroglia make up more than ______ the VOLUME of neural tissue in our body .

A

One-half

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
114
Q

When a neuron is suitably stimulated , an ________ is generated which travels along its ___________ .

A

Electrical disturbance

Plasma membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
115
Q

_______ consists of all four types of tissues .

A

Heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
116
Q

Types of tissues present in heart .

A 
4 
Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Neural
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
117
Q

The DISCERNABLE trend displayed by the complexity in organs and organ systems is called -

A

Evolutionary trend

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
118
Q

______ refers to FORM or EXTERNALLY VISIBLE FEATURES in case of PLANTS .

A

MORPHOLOGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
119
Q

________ refers to the external appearance of the organs or parts of the body .

A

MORPHOLOGY in case of animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
120
Q

Anatomy is the study of ________ of internal organs in the animal .

A

Morphology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
121
Q

Earthworm inhabits the __________ layer of the moist soil .

A

Upper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
122
Q

2 Names of common Indian earthworms -

A

Pheretima

Lumbricus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
123
Q

Lumbricus is the other name for -

A

Earthworm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
124
Q

The body of earthworms is divided into short segments -METAMERES about _____________ in number .

A

100-120

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
125
Q

The _______ surface of earthworms is distinguished by the presence of genital openings (pore) .

A

Ventral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
126
Q

Anterior end of earthworm consists of the mouth and ________ ,a lobe .

A

Prostomium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
127
Q

________ serves as a covering for mouth and as a wedge to form open cracks in the soil into which earthworms may crawl .

A

Prostomium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
128
Q

The prostomium is __________ in function .

A

Sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
129
Q

The first body segment of earthworm which contains the mouth -

A

Peristomium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
130
Q

Segments _________ are covered by a dark band of ___________ tissue called clitellum ( in earthworms)-

A

14-16

Glandular tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
131
Q

The body of earthworms is divided into how many regions -

A

3
Proclitellar
Clitellar
Postclitellar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
132
Q

Four pairs of ______ are situated on the intersegmental grooves i.e.,5th to 9th segments .(earthworm )

A

Spermathecal apertures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
133
Q

In earthworms , how many female genital pores are present and where?

A

Single female genital pore in the

14th segment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
134
Q

A PAIR of MALE GENITAL PORES are present in the _______ segment .

A

18th

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
135
Q

Numerous minute pores called _________ open on the surface of body in earthworms .

A

Nephridiopores

136
Q

In each body segment except _____ ,_____ and________ there are rows of S-shaped SETAE .

A

1st
Last
Clitellum

137
Q

In earthworms the principal role of setae is -

A

Locomotion

138
Q

______ can be extended or retracted in earthworms .

A

Setae (for locomotion )

139
Q

The body wall of earthworms is covered externally by a ______ cuticle .

A

Non-cellular

140
Q

The outermost layer of body of earthworm is ______ , below which is _____ ,_______ and an innermost___________.

A

Cuticle
Epidermis
2 muscle layers(circular and longitudinal )
Coelomic epithelium

141
Q

The epidermis in earthworms is made of a single layer of _______ cells

A

Columnar epithelial cells - contain secretory gland cells

142
Q

in Earthworms ______ Ryan’s between 1st to last segment .

A

Alimentary canal

143
Q

In Earthworms the mouth opens into the buccal cavity -segments ________ which leads into a muscular pharynx .

A

1-3

144
Q

The oesophagus is present in which segment in Earthworms

A

5-7

Below pharynx

145
Q

In Earthworms , the gizzard is present in segments -

A 
8-9
Below oesophagus (5-7)
146
Q

In Earthworms , ______ helps in grinding soil particles and decaying the leaves .

A

Gizzard

147
Q

The stomach in Earthworms extends from ______ segments .

A

9-14

148
Q

The food of Earthworms is -

A

Decaying leaves and organic matter mixed with soil

149
Q

_________ glands present in the stomach in Earthworms neutralise the humid acid present in humus .

A

Calciferous

150
Q

Intestine in Earthworms is located in which segments ?

A

Extends from 15th till the LAST

151
Q

In Earthworms , a pair of _____ project from the intestine on the 26th segment .

A

Intestinal caecae

152
Q

In Earthworms , ______ increases the effective area of absorption in the INTESTINES .

A

Typhlosole

153
Q

In Earthworms , the characteristic feature of INTESTINE is -

A

Typhlosole

After 26th segment , except the last 23rd -25th segments

154
Q

In earthworms , the ingested _____ rich soil particles pass through the digestive tract .

A

Organic

155
Q

Do Earthworms have anus ?

A

Yes

156
Q

Th blood vascular system of Earthworms consists of ___ ,_______ and ________ .

A

Blood vessels
Capillaries
Heart

157
Q

In Earthworms , contractions keep blood circulating in ________ direction .

A

1

158
Q

Blood glands are resent on the ______ segments .( In Earthworms)

A

4th , 5th, and 6th

159
Q

In Earthworms , blood cells and haemoglobin are dissolved in _______ .

A

Blood plasma

160
Q

What do blood glands produce ?

A

Blood cells

Haemoglobin

161
Q

Blood cells in Earthworms are _____ in nature .

A

Phagocytic

162
Q

Earthworms lack -

A

Special BREATHING devices

163
Q

Respiratory exchange in Earthworms occurs through ______ into their blood stream .

A

Moist body surface

164
Q

Excretory organs of Earthworms-

A

Nephridia

165
Q

Types of nephridia in Earthworms-

A

3
Septal nephridia-15 to last segment
Integumentary nephridia segment 3 to last
Pharyngeal nephridia -4,5,6 segments

166
Q

In earthworms , _____ regulate the volume and composition of body fluids. .

A

Nephridia

167
Q

Nervous system in earthworms is represented by -

A

Ganglia arranged segment wise on the ventral paired nerve cord

168
Q

The _______ ganglia along with nerves in the ring integrate sensory input as well as command muscular responses of the body ( in earthworm ) .

A

Cerebral

169
Q

In Earthworms , sensory organs do not have _______ but possess __________ sensitive organs ( receptor cells ) to feel the vibrations of the ground .

A

Eyes

Light and touch

170
Q

Earthworms have specialised _______ which react to chemical stimuli .

A

Chemoreceptors

171
Q

The sense organs of Earthworms are located on the _____ part .

A

Anterior

172
Q

There are ______ pairs of testes in an Earthworm .

A

2

173
Q

The 2 pairs of testes in an Earthworm are located in _____ and _______ segments .

A

10th and 11th

174
Q

In Earthworms , the_______ run upto the 18th segment where they join the prostatic duct .

A

Vasa deferentia

175
Q

No of pairs of accessory glands in an Earthworms and their location -

A

2 pairs

17th and 19th segment

176
Q

In Earthworms , the male genital pore is located on the ______ segment .

A

18th

177
Q

Which ducts open into the male genital pore in an Earthworms ?

A

Common prostate and spermatic duct - vasa deferentia

178
Q

Spermathecae are found in ________ segments in Earthworms .

A

4 pairs found in 4 segments -6 to 9th

6,7,8,9

179
Q

Function of spermathecae -

A

Receive and store spermatozoa during copulation .

180
Q

No of pairs of ovaries in an Earthworm -

A

1

181
Q

In Earthworms , one pair of ovaries is found in the _________ segments .

A

12 and 13th

182
Q

In Earthworms , single female genital pore is found on the ____ segment .

A

14th

183
Q

In Earthworms ,after copulation , MATURE SPERM , EGG CELLS ad NUTRITIVE FLIUD are deposited in the COCOONS produced by gland cells of -

A

Clitellum

184
Q

Where does fertilisation and development occur in an Earthworm ?

A

Within cocoons

Which are deposited in the soil

185
Q

The _____ holds the Earthworm embryos .

A

Cocoon

186
Q

After how many weeks does the cocoon produce baby Earthworms?

A

After 3 weeks

187
Q

Each cocoon produces _________ baby worms with an average of FOUR .

A

2 - 20

188
Q

Development of earthworm is -

A

Direct

No larval stage found

189
Q

In periplaneta , wings extend expound the tip of the abdomen in -

A

Males

190
Q

In periplaneta , in each segment , exoskeleton has hardened plates called -

A

Sclerites

191
Q

Dorsal sclerites are called -
And
Ventral sclerites are called -

A

Tergites

Sternites

192
Q

In Periplaneta , sclerites (tergites and sternites )are joined together by -

A

Arthrodial membrane - thin , flexible articulate membrane

193
Q

In Periplaneta , the head is formed by the fusion of ___ segments and shows heart mobility in all directions dua to a flexible neck .

A

6

194
Q

The head _____ bears a pair of compound eyes in Periplaneta.

A

Capsule

195
Q

In Periplaneta , _____ have sensory receptors that help in monitoring the environment .

A

Antennae

196
Q

The mouth parts of a cockroach are -

A 
Labrum - upper lip 
Labium-lower lip
A pair of mandibles
A pair of maxillae
Tongue(hypopharynx)-flexible
197
Q

The thorax of Periplaneta is divided into -

A

3 parts
Prothorax
Mesotorax
Metathorax

198
Q

The first pair of wings arise from the -

In Periplaneta

A

Mesothorax

199
Q

The second pair of wings i Periplaneta arise from -

A

Metathorax

200
Q

In Periplaneta ,each _______ bears a pair of walking legs .

A

Thoracic segment

201
Q

Which pair of wings in Periplaneta are are called TEGMINA ?

A

1st pair - mesothoracic wings/forewings

202
Q

Which pair of wings in Periplaneta are used in flight and are transparent and membranous ?

A

Hindwings / metathoracic / 2nd pair

203
Q

Which pair of wings in Periplaneta are opaque dark and leathery and cover the hind wings when at rest ?

A

Forewings/mesothoraic - no role in flight

204
Q

In Periplaneta , the abdomen consists of ______ segments .

A

10

205
Q

In female Periplaneta , ______ sternum is boat shaped .

A

7th

206
Q

In female Periplaneta , which sterna form the BROOD / genital POUCH ?

A

7 , 8 and 9th

207
Q

The anterior end of the brood/genital pouch in female Periplaneta consists of -

A

Female gonophore
Spermathecal pores
Collateral glands

208
Q

In male Periplaneta , the genital pouch lies in the __ and ___ Terga and ____ sternum .

A

9th and 10th terga

9th sternum

209
Q

In male Periplaneta , the genital pouch contains -

A

Anus
Genital pore
Gonapohypophysis

210
Q

In both sexes of Periplaneta , _______ segment has a PAIR of filamentous ANAL CERCI .

A

10th

211
Q

in Periplaneta , the mouth opens into a short tubular -

A

Pharynx

212
Q

In Periplaneta , the _____ opens into the crop .

A

Oesophagus

213
Q

In Periplaneta , the structure for storing food in the alimentary canal is -

A

Crop

214
Q

The crop in Periplaneta is followed by -

A

Gizzard / proventriculus

215
Q

‘ it has an outer layer of thick CIRCULAR MUSCLES and thick inner CUTICLE forming SIX highly CHITINOUS plates called teeth .’
( in Periplaneta)

A

Gizzard

216
Q

In Periplaneta , _____ helps in grinding the food particles .

A

Gizzard/ proventriculus - 6 plates

217
Q

The entire foregut in Periplaneta is lined by -

A

Cuticle

218
Q

Hepatic or GASTRIC are present at the junction of -

In Periplaneta

A

Foregut and midgut

219
Q

In Periplaneta , ____ secrete digestive juices in the alimentary canal .

A

Hepatic/ gastric ceacae

220
Q

Hepatic caecae are a ring of _____ BLIND TUBULES .

A

6-8

221
Q

Malphigian tubules are present at the of junction -

A

Midgut and hindgut

222
Q

Malphigian tubules are ____ in number

A

100-150

223
Q

Malphigian tubules help in removal of excretory product from _______ (in Periplaneta)

A

Haemolymph

224
Q

___ is broader (hindgut/ midgut) in Periplaneta .

A

Hindgut

225
Q

The ____ in Periplaneta is differentiated into ileum ,colon and rectum .

A

Hindgut

226
Q

In Periplaneta , blood vessels are _______ .

A

Poorly developed

227
Q

In Periplaneta , blood vessels open into -

A

Haemocoel

228
Q

Visceral organs located in the haemocoel are bathed in -

In Periplaneta

A

Haemolymph - blood

229
Q

Heart in Periplaneta is divided into funnel shaped chambers with ___________ on either side .

A

Ostia

230
Q

Blood form _____ enter heart through Ostia and is pumped to sinuses again .

A

Sinuses

231
Q

The respiratory system In Periplaneta consists of a network of -

A

Trachea

232
Q

In Periplaneta , trachea open through _____ pairs of small holes called ______present on the lateral side of the body

A

10

Spiracles

233
Q

In Periplaneta , _____ carry oxygen from the air to all parts of the body .

A

Tracheal tubes , then tracheoles

234
Q

opening of spiracles in Periplaneta is regulated by -

A

Sphincters

235
Q

In Periplaneta ,exchange of gases takes place at the tracheoles by -

A

Diffusion

236
Q

Each malphigian tubule is lined by ___ and___ cells

A

Glandular

Ciliated

237
Q

Function of malphigian tubules in Periplaneta-

A

To absorb nitrogenous waste and convert into Uric acid

238
Q

In Periplaneta , in addition to malphigian tubules _____ and _______ also help in excretion .

A

Fat body/nephrocytes

Urecose gland

239
Q

In Periplaneta , ____ ganglia lie in the thorax , and ______ in the abdomen .

A

3

6

240
Q

The ______ system of Periplaneta is spread throughout the body .

A

Nervous system

241
Q

If we cut off the head of Periplaneta , it will still live for ONE WEEK . Why?

A

Because the head holds a bit of the nervous system ,

While the rest is situated along the ventral side of the body

242
Q

The brain in Periplaneta is represented by _________ ganglia .

A

Supra oesophageal ganglia

243
Q

Supra oesophageal ganglia supply nerves to ____ and ___ in Periplaneta .

A

Antennae

Compound eyes

244
Q

Sense organs of Periplaneta -

A 
5
Antennae
Eyes
Maxillary palps 
Labial palps 
Anal cerci
245
Q

Function of labial and maxillary palps in Periplaneta-

A

Sensory

246
Q

Each compound eye in Periplaneta consists of _______ OMMATIDIA .

A

2000 hexagonal ommatidia

247
Q

With the help of several _____ , Periplaneta can receive several images of an object .

A

Ommatidia

248
Q

Mosaic vision of Periplaneta has more____ but less ____ .

A

More-sensitivity

Less -resolution

249
Q

The male testes in Periplaneta lie in the ________ segments .

A

4th-6th ABDOMINAL segments

250
Q

In male Periplaneta , from each TESTIS arises a vas deferens which opens into the ___ through _____ .

A

Ejaculatory duct

Seminal vesicles

251
Q

Mushroom gland is a characteristic of male/ female Periplaneta-

A

Male

252
Q

Mushroom gland in male Periplaneta is present in the _______ abdominal segments .

A

6th -7th

253
Q

_____ functions as an accessory reproductive gland in male Periplaneta .

A

Mushroom gland

254
Q

The external genitalia of male Periplaneta is represented by -

A

Male gonapophysis / phallomere

255
Q

CHITINOUS ASYMMETRIC structure surrounding the male GONOPHORE in male Periplaneta-

A

Phallomere

256
Q

The sperms in Periplaneta are stored in ______ which are glued in th formof bundles called SPERMATOPHORES .

A

Seminal vesicles

257
Q

______ are discharged during population in periplaneta .

A

SPERMATOPHORES -packets of sperms

258
Q

The 2 ovaries in female periplaneta , lie in the _______ abdominal segments .

A

2nd -6th

259
Q

Each ovary in female periplaneta is formed by _____ OVARIOLES .

A

8

260
Q

Spermatheca are present in male female periplaneta -

A

Female

261
Q

Periplaneta female has a pair of spermatheca present in the _____ segment and they open into the__________ .

A

6th

Genital chamber

262
Q

In Periplaneta , sperms are transferred through _______ .

A

SPERMATOPHORES

263
Q

The fertilised eggs of Periplaneta are encased in capsule called -

A

Oothecae

264
Q

_____ is a dark reddish to blackish brown capsule about 3/8” (8mm) long .
Related to Periplaneta

A

Oothecae

265
Q

Oothecae are formed _______female Periplaneta and are dropped or glued to a suitable surface near humidity .

A

Within

266
Q

Female Periplaneta produce ______ oothecae .

A

9-10

267
Q

Each oothecae contains _______ eggs .( in female Periplaneta)

A

14-16

268
Q

Development of Periplaneta Americana is-

A

Paorometabolous - nymphal stage

269
Q

The nymphs look very much like adults .T/F

Periplaneta

A

T

270
Q

The nymph grows by moulting about ____ times to reach the adult form .

A

13

271
Q

___ nymphal stage has WING PADS .

But only _______ Periplaneta have wings .

A

Next to last stage

Adult

272
Q

Frogs exhibit the ability to change colour to hide them from enemies ( camouflage ).this is called -

A

Mimicry

273
Q

Frogs undergo aestivation/ hibernation .

A

Both

274
Q

Skin of frog is smooth and slippery due to presence of -

A

Mucus

275
Q

The skin of frog is always maintained in ________ condition .

A

Moist

276
Q

The frog never drinks water but -

A

Absorbs it through the skin

277
Q

Body of a frog is divisible into -

A

Head and trunk

Neck and tail are absent

278
Q

Tail is present in a frog .T/F

A

F

279
Q

Eyes of frog are covered by _______ . Why ?

A

Nictating membrane

Protects them in water

280
Q

In frogs , on either side o eyes a ______ receives sound signals

A

Tympanum(ear)

281
Q

In frogs the hindlimbs end in _____ digits , and forelimbs end in______ digits .

A

5

4

282
Q

In frogs , hindlimbs/forelimbs are more muscular an larger .

A

Hindlimbs

283
Q

Frogs exhibit sexual dimorphism .

T/F

A

T

284
Q

2 distinguishable features of male frogs .

A

Sound producing VOCAL SACS

Copulatory pads on the 1st digit of FORELIMBS

285
Q

Male frogs have copulatory pads on the _______.

A

1st digit of forelimb

286
Q

The alimentary canal of frogs is _______ because frogs 🐸 are _______ .

A

Short

Carnivorous

287
Q

Frogs 🐸 are carnivorous , therefore the length of ______ is reduced in them .

A

Intestine

288
Q 
Arrange in order from 1st to last :
1-oesophagus
2-buccal cavity 
3- pharynx
4-stomach 
5-mouth
A

5 > 2> 3> 1 > 4

289
Q

In frogs _____ secretes bile which is stored in ___

A

Liver

Gall balder

290
Q

In frogs food is captured by ____ tongue .

A

Bilobed

291
Q

Digestion of food in frogs 🐸 takes place by the action of ____ and _____ secreted by the stomach walls .

A

HCL

Gastric juices

292
Q

In 🐸 , the _____ receives bile from gallbladde and pancreatic juices through the COMMON BILE DUCT .

A

Duodenum

293
Q

In 🐸 , the __ emulsifiers fat and pancreatic juice digests ____ and _____ .

A

Bile

Carbohydrates and proteins

294
Q

The undigested solid waste in 🐸 , is passed out through -

A

Cloaca

295
Q

In water _____ acts as the aquatic respiratory organ .and this respiration is called -
In 🐸

A

Skin

Cutaneous respiration

296
Q

Dissolved oxygen in the water is exchanged through the skin by ____ .

🐸

A

Diffusion

297
Q

In 🐸 , on land ____ , _____ and _____ act as respiratory organs .

A

Buccal cavity
Skin
Lungs

298
Q

In 🐸 , on land ______ respiration takes place .

A

Pulmonary

299
Q

In 🐸 , during aestivation and hibernation, gaseous change takes place through -

A

Skin

300
Q

Frogs have a lymphatic systemalso .T/F.

A

T

301
Q

Heart of 🐸 has _ atria and _____ ventricles .

A

2

1

302
Q

In 🐸 heart , a triangular structure called _____ , joins the RIGHT ATRIUM .

A

Sinus venosus - receives blood from major veins , vena cava

303
Q

In 🐸 heart , ventricles open into a sac-like __________ on the ventral side of heart .

A

Conus arteriosus

304
Q

In 🐸 , special VENOUS connection between liver and intestine is called -
And that between kidney and lower parts of the body is called -

A

Hepatic portal system

Renal portal system

305
Q

The blood in 🐸is composed of -

A

Plasma

Cells

306
Q

In 🐸 , RBCs are ______ and contain ____ .

A

Nucleated

Haemoglobin

307
Q

____ systems of frogs are well-developed .

A

All

308
Q

The excretory system in 🐸 is composed of -

A

Kidneys
Ureters
Cloaca
Urinary bladder

309
Q

2 _____ emerge from the kidneys in male frogs .

A

Ureters

310
Q

The _______ act as URINOGENITAL DUCTS which open into the cloaca in male 🐸 .

A

Ureters

311
Q

In female 🐸, _____ and ____ open separately into the cloaca

A

Ureters

Oviduct

312
Q

Frog excretes -

A

Urea

Ureotelic

313
Q

The system for ____ and ____ is highly evolved in the 🐸 .

A

Control and coordination

314
Q

The coordination and control system in 🐸 includes -

A

Neural and endocrine system

315
Q

The prominent endocrine glands found in frogs .

A 
Pituitary
Thyroid
Adrenal
Gonads
Parathyroid
Thymus
Pineal body
Pancreatic islets
316
Q

The nervous system in 🐸 is organised into ____ , ___ and _____ dytems

A

CNS
PNS
ANS

317
Q

There are _____ pairs of cranial nerves in 🐸 .

A

10

318
Q

Forebrain in 🐸 includes -

A

Olfactory lobes
Paired cerebral hemispheres
Unpaired diencephalon

319
Q

The midbrain i 🐸is characterised by -

A

Pair of optic lobes

320
Q

Hindbrain in 🐸 consisted of -

A

Cerebellum

Medula oblongata

321
Q

In 🐸 , ( and also in humans maybe ) , the medulla oblongata passes through ______ and continues into spinal cord .

A

Foranum magnum

322
Q

The sense organs of 🐸 consists of -

A 
Sensory papillae - touch
Taste buds
Smell - nasal epithelium
Vision
Hearing - tympanum with internal ears
323
Q

Out of all the sense organs , _____ and _____ are well-organised in 🐸 .

A

Eyes

INTERNAL EARS

324
Q

🐸 have simple/compound eyes .

A

Simple

325
Q

_______ ear is absent in 🐸 and only ______ can be seen externally .

A

External

Tympanum

326
Q

In male 🐸 , the testis are found adhered to the upper part of _______ by a DOUBLE FOLD of PERITONEUM called-

A

Kidneys

Mesorchium

327
Q

In male 🐸 , VASA EFFERENTIA arises from testis and are _____ in number .

A

10-12

328
Q

In male 🐸 , ____ enter the kidneys and open into BIDDER’s CANAL .

A

VASA EFFERENTIA

329
Q

In male frogs the cloaca is small and is used to pass ____ ,____ and _____ to the exterior .

A

Faecal matter
Urine
Sperms

330
Q

The vasa EFFERENTIA after entering the kidneys in male 🐸 open into the -

A

Bidders canal

331
Q

In female 🐸 , the _____ are situated near the kidneys but have no functional connection with kidneys .

A

Ovaries

332
Q

A mature female 🐸 can lay upto _____ ova at a time .

A

2500 - 3000

333
Q

Fertilization in 🐸 is -

A

External -in water

334
Q

Development in 🐸 is ________ and involves ______ .

A

Indirect

Larval stage-tadpole

335
Q

Tadpole undergoes _____ to form the adult .

A

Metamorphosis

Biology 1 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions