Chapter 6 - Stress Flashcards
Acute stress paradigm
A laboratory procedure, where by an individual goes through moderately stressful procedures
such as counting back with rapidly by sevens, so that stress related changes and emotions and psychological, and or Nero endocrine processes may be assessed
Altereffects of stress
Performance and attentional documents that occur after a stressful event has subsided
Allostatic load
The cumulating adverse effects of stress in conjunction with pre-existing stress on biological regulatory systems
Chronic strain
A stressful experience that is a usual but continually stressful aspect of life
Daily hassles
Minor daily, stressful events, believed to have a cumulative effect of increasing the likelihood of illness
Demand control support model
Model of job stress developed by Karasek and associates that suggest the high demands, low control and little support will enhance risk for ill health, especially coronary artery disease
Fight or flight response
A response to a threat in which the body is rapidly aroused and motivated by the sympathetic nervous system and the endocrine system to attack or flee a threatening stimulus.
First described by Walter Cannon in 1932
General adaptation syndrome
Profile of how organisms respond to stress, the general adaptation syndrome is characterized by three phases
(Alarm) A nonspecific mobilization face, which promotes sympathetic nervous system activity
(Resistance) A resistance face, during which the organism makes efforts to cope with a threat
(exhaustion) exhaustion phase, which occurs if the organism fails to overcome the threat and depleted its physiological resources.
Person environment fit
The degree to which the needs and resources of a person and resources of environment, complement each other
Primary appraisal
The perception of a new or changing environment as beneficial, neutral or negative, and its consequences believed to be a first step in stress and coping
Reactivity
The predisposition to react physiologically to stress, believed to be genetically based in part
high reactivity is believed to be a risk factor for range of stress related diseases
Role conflict
Conflict occurs when two or more social or occupational roles that an individual occupies produce conflict in standards for behavior
Secondary appraisal
Assessment of one’s coping abilities and resources, and the judgment, as to whether they will be sufficient to meet the Harm,threat, or challenge of a new or changing event
Stress
Appraising events as harmful, threatening or challenging, and assessing ones capacity to respond to those events
Stressful life events
Events that confer threat or harm
Stressors
Events perceived to be stressful such as
Money, family health problems, responsibilities
Tend and befriend
A theory of responses to stress, maintaining that in addition to fight or flight; humans respond to stress with social affiliation and nurturant behavior toward offspring
Criticisms of the General Adaptation syndrome
Limits role of psychological factors, not all stressors produce the same biological response
Oxytocin is a
Stress hormone, that is rapidly released in response to some stressful events.
Animals and humans with high levels of oxytocin are calmer and more relaxed
The two interrelated systems that are heavily involved in the stress response
Sympathetic adrenomedullary (SAM) system and the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis
Potential events that are stressful?
Negative events, ambiguous events, overload, uncontrollable events
Social readjustment rating scale indicates the largest stressors from life events include
Death of a spouse, divorce, detention in jail, death of a close family member, major injury, being fired at work
Stressors in the workplace
Sedentary, overload, role conflict, social relationships, control, unemployment, performance, job turnover & security
Ambiguous events
Events that are unable to find a logical solution for the problem or task
Such as a police officer randomly pulling up to you as you sit in your car
