Chapter 3 - Health Behaviors Flashcards
Abstinence violation effect
A feeling of loss of control that results when one has violated self imposed rules, such as not to smoke
Assertiveness training
Techniques that train people how to be appropriately assertive and social situations often included as part of health behavior, modification programs on the Sumption, that some poor health habits, such as excessive alcohol consumption, or smoking, develop in part to control difficulties and being appropriately assertive
At risk
Estate of vulnerability to a particular health problems by virtue of hereditary health practices or family environment
Behavioral assignments
Home practice activities that clients perform on their own as part of an integrated therapeutic intervention for behavior modification
Classical conditioning
The pairing of an unconditioned reflects with a new stimulus producing a conditioned reflex
Antabuse is known as the unconditioned stimulus
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Focuses on the target behavior itself, the conditions that elicit and maintain it, and the factors that reinforce it.
Cognitive restructuring
A method of modifying internal monologues and stress producing situation’s to promote health behavior changes within clients
Contingency contracting
A procedure in which an individual forms a contract with another person, such as a therapist detailing what awards or punishments are contingent on the performance, or not performance of a target behavior
Discriminative stimulus
Environmental stimulus that is capable of eliciting a particular behavior, example the sight of food, May act as A discriminative stimulus for eating
Fear appeal
Efforts to change attitudes by arousing fear, to induce the motivation to change bad health behaviors
Health behaviors
Behaviors undertaken by people to enhance or maintain health, such as exercise, or the consumption of a healthy diet
Health belief model
The belief that a person will practice a health behavior, depending on whether they perceive a personal health threat, and they believe that a particular health practice will be effective in reducing the threat
Health habit
Health related behaviors that is firmly established
often performed automatically, without awareness
Health locus of control
The perception that one’s health is under personal control is controlled by powerful others, such as positions, or is determined by external factors, including chance
Health promotion
A general philosophy maintaining that health is a personal and collective achievement the process of enabling people to increase control over and approve their health health.
Promotion may occur through individual efforts through interaction with a Medical System and through a concerted health policy effort.
Lifestyle rebalancing
Concerted lifestyle change in a healthy direction usually including exercise, stress management, and a healthy diet believe to contribute to relapse prevention after successful modification of a poor health, such a smoking or alcohol consumption
Modeling
Learning that occurs from observing another person performing a target behavior
Operant conditioning
The pairing of a voluntary non-automatic behavior with a new stimulus to reinforcement or punishment
Perceived barriers
Aspects of one’s life that interfere with practicing good health behaviors
Primary prevention
Measures designed to combat risk factors for illness before an illness has a chance to develop
Two strategies involved. Alter problematic health behaviors and keeping people from developing poor health habits in the first place
Relapse prevention
A set of techniques designed to keep people from relapsing to prior poor health habits. After initial successful behavior. Modification includes training and coping skills for high risk for relapse situation, and lifestyle rebalancing.
Relaxation training
Procedures that help people relax, include progressive muscle relaxation and deep breathing may include guided imagery, and forms of meditation, or hypnosis
Self control
Estate in which an individual desiring to change behavior learns, how to modify the antecedents and the consequences of that target behavior
Self determination theory
The theory that autonomous motivation and perceived competence are fundamental to behavior change
Self efficacy
The perception that one is able to perform a particular action
Self monitoring
Assessing the frequency antecedents and the consequences of a target behavior to be modified. Also known as self observation
Self-regulation
The conscious and unconscious ways in which people control your own actions, emotions and thoughts
Self reinforcement
Systematically rewarding, oneself to increase or strengthen a target behavior
Self talk
Internal monologues people tell them selves things that may undermine or help them implement appropriate health habits
Social engineering
Social or lifestyle, changes legislation by modifying the environment in ways to affect people’s abilities to practice a particular health behavior
Social skills training
Techniques that teach people how to relax and interact comfortably in social situations often a part of health behavior, modification programs assumption that maladaptive health behaviors. Such as alcohol consumption or smoking, may develop in part to control social anxiety
Socialization
Process by which people learn the norms rules and beliefs associated with their family and society parents and social institutions are usually the major agents of socialization
Stimulus control interventions
Interventions designed to modify behavior that involves the removal of discriminative stimuli, that evoke a behavior targeted for change, and the substitution of a new discriminative stimuli that will invoke a desired behavior
Teachable moment
The idea that certain times are more affective for teaching particular health practices than others pregnancy constitutes a teachable moment for getting woman to stop smoking
Window of Vulnerability
The fact that at certain times people are more vulnerable to particular health problems. Such as as a teenager being exposed to alcohol or drugs
Perceived threat reduction
A person believes a health measure will reduce a threat, whether they think the health practice is effective and whether it is worth the undertaking (pros and cons of changing their behavior)
Theory of planned behavior
The theory that a persons behavior, all intentions and behavior can be understood by knowing their attitude towards the behavior
Self affirmation
Occurs when people reflect upon their important values, personal qualities, or social relationships
Transtheoretical model of behavior change
Belief that bad health habits not take place all at once. People go through stages while they are trying to change their health behaviors
