Chapter 6- Speech sound disorders in children Flashcards
How are consonants classified?
- Voicing
- Place
- Manner
What is a monophthong?
a type of vowel that has a single, unchanging sound quality
What is a diphthong?
A type of vowel produced with a gradually changing articulation that produces a complex, dynamic sound quality
How are vowels classified?
- Tongue height
- tongue advancement
- Tense/lax
- Lip configuration
What is nondistinctive phonetic variant for a phoneme?
allophone
What is the influence of phonetic context on speech production?
coarticulation
What is it called when one of a pair of sounds that are different by just one phonemic feature?
cognate pairs
What is the mark added to a phonetic character to indicate some form of modification called?
diacritic
Different usage patterns in terms of pronunciation, vocabulary, and/or grammar within the same language
dialect
the minimal unit of meaning, the smallest unit of language that carries semantic interpretation
morpheme
What is an obstruent?
a sound that has a complete or narrow constriction of the vocal tract- stops, fricatives, affricates
the basic sound segment that has the linguistic function of distinguishing morphemes
phoneme
the study of sound systems of language
phonology
involves the suprasegmental characteristics of intonation, stress patterns, loudness variations, pausing, and rhythm
prosody
Describe the behaviorist theory & how it applies to acquisition of speech & language
Verbal development is learned through:
- contingent reinforcement
- stimulus-response
Infant’s early vocalizations & babbling are reinforced by parents
Which phonological processes are expected to be suppressed by age 3?
- weak syllable deletion
- FCD
- Doubling
- Diminutization
- velar fronting
- consonant assimilation
- reduplication
- prevocalic voicing
Children between 19-24 months should be how intelligbible?
25-50%
Children between 2-3 years should be how intelligible?
50-75%
Children between 4-5 years old should be how intelligible?
75-90%
Children at 5 years of age should be how intelligible?
100% intelligible
What skill is correlated with literacy skills?
phonological/phonemic awareness
What is a screening?
a concise appraisal of speech skills to determine if further assessment is necessary, typically a pass/fail
What is the purpose of assessment?
determine if therapy is necessary, identify strengths & weaknesses, presence or absence of a SSD, frequency or type of intervention
