Chapter 6: Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood Flashcards
what are some self descriptions that are used during early childhood?
bodily attributes, material possessions, physical activities etc
TRUE or FALSE: in early childhood, children have a higher understanding that others have emotions and desires (theory of mind)
TRUE!
in early childhood, why is emotional development important?
-they begin to understand the cause and consequences of emotions
-they begin to understand facial expressions
-learn to manage their emotions to meet social standards (emotional regulation)
what are some socialization strategies that caregivers can use when regulating emotions?
-having a positive emotional mood when interacting
-validate children’s emotions
-help children learn to use emotion strategies (ex: coping skills or leaning how to solve problems)
what is moral development?
the development of thoughts, feelings, and behavior regarding rules and conventions about what people should do in their interactions with others
in moral reasoning, what is the difference between Heteronomous morality vs Autonomous morality?
-Heteronomous morality: understanding that the rules are the rules and we must abide by them (note that this is usually 4-7 year olds)
-Autonomous morality: understanding that if the rules don’t work for everyone, you can collectively change them so the rules will be fair to everyone
TRUE or FALSE: guilt and empathy are important in moral feeling
true!
what is gender identity?
the sense of being male or female
what are gender roles?
set of expectations that prescribe how females or males should think, act or feel in society
what are some influences of gender role?
-BIOLOGICAL: think chromosomes, hormones, evolution
-SOCIAL: think about social role theory and the social cognitive theory
-PARENTAL: how parents (mothers and fathers) treat their children differently
-PEER: think about how the environment/people around you influence how you act
-COGNITIVE: think gender schema theory
what are the types of parenting styles?
-Authoritarian: think army dad (very strict w lot of control, extremes)
-Authoritative: think warm, verbal take-in-give, control
-Neglective: uninvolved
-Indulgent: involved but no control
what are some outcomes of the 4 parenting styles?
AUTHORITARIAN: unhappy, fearful, anxious, some behavior problem
AUTHORITATIVE: cheerful, self confident, socially skilled,
NEGLECTIVE: poor self esteem and control, behavior problems
INDULGENT: egocentric, noncompliant, poor peer relations
TRUE or FALSE: parenting styles and children’s development is NOT correlational?
FALSE: they are correlated!
what are some reasons to avoid spanking or punishment?
-kids might imitate anger models (fighting, screaming) in stressful situations
-can instil fear, rage or avoidance
-gives NO guidance of what to do
-parents may unintentionally become abusive
why are sibling relationship important for development?
“characterized by helping, sharing, teaching, compromising, playing, etc”
