Chapter 6 - Skeletal System (Continued)

Question 1

2 Types of Fractures

Answer 1

1. Open fracture - bone is exposed to outside; breaks the skin
2. Closed fracture - skin is “closed” (not broken)

Question 2

Open fracture aka

Answer 2

“Compound fracture”

Question 3

Closed fracture aka

Answer 3

“Simple fracture”

Question 4

Examples of Bone Fractures (all can be either opened or closed)

Answer 4

1. Comminuted fracture - bone breaks into many, many pieces; difficult to repair
2. Greenstick fracture - part of bone is attached but part is broken (more common in children)
3. Impacted fracture - bone breaks but bone pieces are pressed into each other

Question 5

Steps in Bone Healing (occurs under the best of conditions)

Answer 5

1. Hematoma (Formation of Blood Clot) - happens immediately
2. Soft callus - starts a few days after fracture & continues to about 8 wks
3. Bony callus - occurs about 8 wks
4. Bone remodeling

Question 6

Soft callus (2nd step in Bone healing)

Answer 6

“quick fix” that hold 2 pieces together; made of FIBERS & CARTILAGE to hold bone together (fibrocartilaginous)

Question 7

Bony callus (3rd step in Bone healing)

Answer 7

hard bone attached pieces together; still not shaped like original bone; bone material is forming bony callus

Question 8

Bone remodeling (4th step in Bone healing)

Answer 8

bone is reshaped to original shape; osteoclasts break down some of bony callus & osteoblasts “put down” correct bone tissue (either compact or spongy bone); Repaired bone is much stronger bc made of newer material

Question 9

Bone tissue is continuously being replaced

Answer 9

it takes 3 - 10 yrs for bones to be replaced