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Animal Science 2200.01 > Chapter 6 Reproduction > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Reproduction Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Name Aristotle’s theories

A
  1. embryo was preformed and grew or enlarged during development
  2. man arose from being successive differentiation of a formless being
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2
Q

Define the theory preformation

A

embryo was preformed and grew or enlarged during development

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3
Q

define the theory epigenesis

A

man arose from being successive differentiation of a formless being

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4
Q

Which theory did Aristotle believe in

A

epigenesis

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5
Q

who first found and described the oviduct

A

Fallopius

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6
Q

whose system is more complex a females or males

A

female

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7
Q

what does the female reproductive system consist of

A

embryonic Mullerian ducts, primordial external genitalia

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8
Q

What consists of the Mullerian ducts

A

oviducts, uterus, cervix, and anterior vagina

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9
Q

What consists of the primordial external genitalia

A

posterior vagina and vulva

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10
Q

What are the major functions of the female reproductive system

A

Produce a female gamete, deliver it to the site where it can be fertilized, provide an environment for growth of the fetus, and to deliver the fetus

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11
Q

What is the primary organs in the female reproductive system

A

ovaries

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12
Q

what doe ovaries produce

A

oocytes and female hormones

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13
Q

Ovaries ensure what

A

continual nutrient and oxygen delivery

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14
Q

what are oviducts

A

pair of convoluted tubes adjacent to the ovaries and extending to the uterus

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15
Q

Where is the site of fertilization and early cell divisions of the embryo

A

oviducts

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16
Q

What is the function of the oviducts

A

transport ova and sperm

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17
Q

Name the three segments of the oviducts

A

infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus

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18
Q

this structure is lace like that envelops the ovaries

A

infundibulum

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19
Q

this segment is responsible for capturing the released ocyte and directing its transport

A

infundibulum

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20
Q

in what animals is the infundibulum separated from the ovary

A

sow, ewe, and cow

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21
Q

What segment is highly invaginated

A

ampulla

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22
Q

what do the invaginations cause

A

increase the surface area and are covered with cilia to aid in the movement of the ocyte down the ampulla

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23
Q

What is the final segment of the oviduct

A

isthmus

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24
Q

what is the site where the ampulla and isthmus join together

A

ampullary -isthmic junction

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25
Q

This is the site of fertilization of the oocytes by the sperm

A

ampullary- isthmic junction

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26
Q

What delays the transport of the ocytes

A

ampullary-isthmic junction

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27
Q

What is a benefit of the delay from the junction

A

increases the chances of becoming fertilized

28
Q

where does the isthmus and uterus join together

A

uterotubal junction

29
Q

What three layers does the uterus contain

A

outer covering, myometrium, endometrium

30
Q

Intermediate smooth muscle layer responsible for uterine contractions

A

myometrium

31
Q

the mucosal lining of the uterus

A

endometrium

32
Q

This is the site of either embryo implantation or attachment of the extra embryonic membranes

A

endometrium

33
Q

What protects the uterine environment

A

cervix

34
Q

this is a thick walled, cartilaginous, elongated, smooth muscle sphincter that remains tightly closed except during estrus and parturition

A

cervix

35
Q

Interlocking ridges in the cervix

A

annular rings

36
Q

annular rings are present in what animals

A

cows and sheep

37
Q

what are the cervixs functions

A
  1. passageway and reservoir for sperm, filter non viable sperm and consistently releasing viable sperm into the uterus for fertilization of ova
  2. barrier to prevent bacteria from reaching the uterus via the annular rings and the antibacterial properties of cervical mucous
  3. passageway for the fetus during parturition
38
Q

the site of semen deposition

A

vagina

39
Q

tubular in shape, thin walled, and very elastic

A

vagina

40
Q

function of the male reproductive system

A

deliver gametes to the female reproductive system

41
Q

male system consists of what

A

testes, male ducts, accessory glands, penis, and prepuce

42
Q

the primary organs of the male system

A

testes

43
Q

what is the function of the testes

A

produce male gametes and make reproductive hormones

44
Q

where are the testes located

A

outside of the body cavity

45
Q

small convoluted tubules located within the lobes of the testes

A

seminiferous tubules

46
Q

seminiferous tubules make up how much of the total mass of the testes

A

90%

47
Q

this contains the germ cells and is the site of sperm production

A

seminiferous tubules

48
Q

located in between the seminiferous tubules

A

leydig cells

49
Q

produce testosterone and other androgens when stimulated by the luteinizing hormone

A

leydig cells

50
Q

surrounds developing sperm, mediating the effects of follicle stimulating hormone, and nourishing the sperm

A

sertoli cells

51
Q

the scrotum is divided by what

A

scrotal septum

52
Q

what is the spermatic cord composed of

A

blood vessels, nerves, muscle fibers, connective tissue, and a portion of the vas deferens

53
Q

long convoluted tube that functions to store, concentrate, and transport sperm

A

epididymis

54
Q

what affects the transportation of semen in the epididymis

A
  1. pressure from the production of more sperm
  2. external pressure credited by normal movement
  3. negative pressure caused by ejaculation
55
Q

this follows along the spermatic cord, passes through the inguinal canal to the pelvic region

A

vas deferens

56
Q

function of vas deferens

A

transport sperm

57
Q

function of urethra

A

expel urine and semen

58
Q

name the male accessory glands

A

ampullae, vesicular glands, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands

59
Q

this is the male organ of copulation and deposits semen in the vagina or cervix

A

penis

60
Q

two types of penis

A

vascular and fibroelastic

61
Q

S shaped bend in the penis

A

sigmoid flexure

62
Q

puberty is reached in hogs

A

4-7 months

68-90 kg

63
Q

puberty is reached in sheep

A

7-10 months

27-34 kg

64
Q

puberty is reached in filly

A

15-24 months

65
Q

puberty is reached in dairy

A

8-13 months

160-260 kg

66
Q

puberty is reached in beef

A

10-15 months

225-310 kg

Animal Science 2200.01 (5 decks)

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