Chapter 6: Reliability and Validity in Research

Question 1

Reliability

Answer 1

In order to evaluate the stability or dependability of one’s measurements, one should carefully examine the measuring instruments

Question 2

Random Error

Answer 2

Chance fluctuations in the measurements one makes are referred to as

Question 3

Test-retest

Answer 3

To evaluate the _____ reliability of an instrument, one should administer the instrument to the same group of people on two different occasions

Question 4

Internal-onsistency reliability

Answer 4

To evaluate the interrelatedness of the individual items on a test, one should evaluate the tests

Question 5

External

Answer 5

When a researcher is concerned about the generalizability of the study’s results beyond the experimental situation, the researcher is interested in the _____ validity of the study

Question 6

Effect size

Answer 6

What would one use to evaluate whether or not a study has been replicated

Question 7

Content validity

Answer 7

Tests or questionnaires that consist of items that actually represent the kinds of material they are supposed to represent are considered to be high in which type of validity

Question 8

Criterion Validity

Answer 8

Which type of validity is established by examining the predictive and concurrent validity of an instrument

Question 9

Construct

Answer 9

Convergent validity and discriminant validity are important in evaluating the _____ of a test

Question 10

Internal

Answer 10

The ability to rule out plausible rival hypotheses is critical for assessing which type of validity

Question 11

Validity

Answer 11

When one speaks of __________, one is referring to how well a measure or research design does what it purports to do

Question 12

Reliability

Answer 12

Questions involving the __________ of an instrument focus on how consistent or stable an instrument is

Question 13

Retest Reliability

Answer 13

To estimate how much an instrument fluctuates from one administration to another, one would examine the test’s

Question 14

Reliability of Components

Answer 14

The degree of relatedness of the individual items of a test is evaluated by examining the test’s

Question 15

Spearman-Brown

Answer 15

In order to estimate the internal-consistency reliability of a test, one would use the __________ formula

Question 16

External Validity

Answer 16

In order to evaluate the __________ of a study, one must examine the extent to which the relationship observed can be generalized across variations in persons, settings, and treatments

Question 17

Criterion Validity

Answer 17

To assess __________, one examines the concurrent or predictive validity of an instrument

Question 18

Construct Validity

Answer 18

To establish __________, one must find evidence of convergent validity and discriminant validity

Question 19

Statistical-Conclusion Validity

Answer 19

To evaluate the __________ of a study, one would carefully examine the decisions made about the statistical significance of a finding.

Question 20

Internal Validity

Answer 20

Ruling out plausible rival hypotheses is important in establishing the __________ of an experiment