Chapter 6 - Perception and attention Flashcards
Top-down * Process (*information)
Book 1 Part 3
Page 7
Information flowing ‘down’ from stored knowledge which can influence the interpretation of sensory information.
Note: Top-down processing happens when we work from the general to the specific; the big picture to the tiny details. In top-down processing, your abstract impressions can influence the sensory data that you gather.
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Limited Capacity* Attention (*central processor)
Book 1 Part 3
Page 11
**A hypothetical construct used to explain why it is not possible for the brain to process all incoming information simultaneously.
Note: The processor is responsible for analysing incoming information and integrating it with information already held in memory.
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Attentional Spotlight
Book 1 Part 3
Page 15
A metaphor for allocation of attention. Whatever falls within the attentional spotlight receives relatively more processing.
Note: This ATTENTIAL SPOTLIGHT illuminates only a small part of the VISUAL FIELD (i.e. only a small proportion of everything that is registered by the eyes) and any items that lie within that spotlight receive priority for processing.
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Bottleneck Theory of Attention
Book 1 Part 3
Page 17
Theory that suggests a ‘bottleneck’ in the attentional system such that only a small amount of the available sensory information can pass through.
Note: Suggested by Broadbent (1954,1971)
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Gibson’s Direct Perception
Book 1 Part 3
Page 30
Perception without the need for integration (to bring together) with stored knowledge.
Note: Gibson’s theory suggests that everything that is needed for perception is there already in the sensory information.
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