Chapter 5 - The individual differences approach to personality Flashcards
Implicit Personality Theories
Book 1 Part 2
Page 297
Lay theories about personality that people use to attribute motives and to describe themselves and others.
Note: IMPLICITY PERSONALITY THEORY describes the specific patterns and biases an individual uses when forming impressions based on a limited amount of initial information about an unfamiliar person
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Trait Theories of Personality
Book 1 Part 2
Page 299
Suggest a ranked order of hierarchical structure for personality built from traits and clusters or traits.
Note: Trait theory proposes that individuals possess certain personality traits which partially determine their behaviour.
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Extraversion
Book 1 Part 2
Page 303
Extraversion is one of the factors in Costa and McCrea’s five factor model of trait theory of personality. EXTRAVERSION is warmth, gregariousness (sociable), assertiveness, activity, excitement-seeking, positive emotions.
Note: OCEAN: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism.
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Psychometrics (tests)
Book 1 Part 2
Page 303
PSYCHOMETRICS are psychological tests that are based on rigorous psychometric properties and related to population norms.
NOTE: Personality inventories like those of Costa and McCrae and Cattell are not just collections of questions, they are highly refined PSYCHOMETRIC TESTS, constructed to rigorous standards of reliability and validity
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Heritability
Book 1 Part 2
Page 320
The proportion of variability in a trait or psychological measure within a population that can be accounted for by genetic inheritance.
Note: the extent to which genetics are responsible for the variability in a trait population.
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