CHAPTER 6 - MANAGEMENT SKILLS OF LEADERSHIP & MOTIVATION

Question 0

what does leadership involve ??

Answer 0

It involves …………..
~directing staff,
~setting a clear example of what is expected of others,
~delegating work to staff.

Question 1

what is leadership ????

Answer 1

leadership refers to the ability to influence other people to go in a particular direction and achieve a particular goal

Question 2

what does delegation mean ????

Answer 2

it means giving authority for carrying out tasks to others

Question 3

what are the benefits of delegation ?

Answer 3

~managers have more time, less stress.
~staff gain experience, become more flexible and more skilled.
~overall work in a business gets done faster and more efficiently.

Question 4

what are the 3 different types of leaders ?

Answer 4

~autocratic,
~democratic,
~laissez-faire.

Question 5

what are autocratic leaders ?

Answer 5

~they’re leaders who do not like to share there authority with subordinates but prefer to make most of the decisions themselves.
~have little trust in staff, unwilling to delegate power, ignore subordinates decision making ideas, use their authority to get their own way.

Question 6

what are some advantages of an autocratic style ?

Answer 6

~decisions are made quickly,
~work is don the way the managers wants,
~suits organisations where discipline is important, like the army,
~can be very useful in crisis or emergency situations.

Question 7

what are some disadvantages of an autocratic style ?

Answer 7

~managers who try plan, organise and control everything become overloaded with work and stress,
~staff become demotivated,
~a lack of trust in staff can lead to industrial relations conflict.

Question 8

what are democratic leaders ?

Answer 8

~they are leaders that are willing to discuss issues with staff and to delegate work and responsibly where necessary,
~these leaders have trust in their subordinates,
~they delegate authority,
~take decisions only after discussion & like to persuade others.

Question 9

what are some advantages of a democratic style ?

Answer 9

~shared input into decision making leads to better quality decisons,
~delegating authority means more time and less stress for managers,
~staff are more motivated, this helps maintain good industrial relations,
~this style promotes staff initiative and intrapreneurship.

Question 10

what are some disadvantages of a democratic style??????

Answer 10

~slower decision making,

~quality of decision making declines when managers takes to may opinions on board ?

Question 11

what is laissez-faire leadership ???

Answer 11

~this type of leadership involves giving staff general goals and targets to aim for and then giving them the authority to achieve these in whatever way they think best,
~increased trust and delegate power amongst subordinates,
~allow staff to make most decisions,
~listen to others opinions before making decisions,

Question 12

what are some advantages of a laissez-faire style ?

Answer 12

~speedy decisions can be made by staff closest to the issues,
~giving staff responsibility can test them and motivate them,
~intrapreneurship is strongly encouraged.

Question 13

what are some disadvantages of a laissez-faire style ?

Answer 13

~inexperienced staff may not be able to handle responsibility,
~poor decisions may be made due to a lack of supervision.

Question 14

what is motivation ?

Answer 14

~it is the willingness of people to work hard and to contribute their best efforts, this leads to ; Increased productivity, greater intrapreneurship, improved industrial relations, easier staff recruitment and retention, increased productivity and profitability for the business.

Question 15

what are the two important theories of motivation ???

Answer 15

~MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS,

~MCGREGOR’S THEORY X AND THEORY Y,

Question 16

what is maslow’s hierarchy of needs ?

Answer 16

it says that all human needs can be arranged in a hierarchy (or pyramid) in order of their importance,

Question 17

how many levels are they’re in the hierarchy of needs ?

Answer 17

5

Question 18

what are the different needs listed on the hierarchy of needs ???

Answer 18

1-Self-actualisation needs,
2-esteem needs,
3-social needs,
4-safety needs,
5-physical needs.

Question 19

what are the some advantages of maslow’s hierarchy of needs ?

Answer 19

~it recognises that people are motivated by more than money,

~it recognises that different things motivate different people and at different times,

Question 20

what are some disadvantages of maslow’s hierarchy of needs ?

Answer 20

~the theory may not work for everyone as people are very complex,
~in life people do not just satisfy one need at a time.

Question 21

what do managers who use mcgregor’s theory x believe ?

Answer 21

~they believe their staff are;
        ~lazy and dislike work,
          ~have no ambition,
            ~dislike change,
              ~only motivated by money.

Question 22

what do theory x managers believe they should do ?

Answer 22

they believe they should;
~only offer financial incentives,
~closely supervise staff,
~avoid consulting with staff,
~threaten staff.

Question 23

what do managers who use mcgregor’s theory y believe ?

Answer 23

they believe their employees;
~can enjoy work,
~have ambitions,
~are open to change
~motivated by more than money.

Question 24

what do theory y managers believe they should do ?

Answer 24

they believe they should;
~provide interesting and challenging work,
~provide staff with a good working enviroment,
~consult with staff regularly,
~provide plenty of encouragement,

Question 25

what are some disadvantages of McGregor’s theory x attitude to management ?

Answer 25

1-reduced motivation,
2-less creativity,
3-poor reputation, 
4-higher staff turnover,
5-reduced profitability and productivity.

Question 26

what are some advantages of McGregor’s theory y attitude to management ?

Answer 26

1-high motivation,
2-more creativity, 
3-better business reputation,
4-lower staff turnover,
5-more positive industrial relations,
6-increased profitability and productivity.