CHAPTER 6 - MANAGEMENT SKILLS OF LEADERSHIP & MOTIVATION Flashcards
what does leadership involve ??
It involves …………..
~directing staff,
~setting a clear example of what is expected of others,
~delegating work to staff.
what is leadership ????
leadership refers to the ability to influence other people to go in a particular direction and achieve a particular goal
what does delegation mean ????
it means giving authority for carrying out tasks to others
what are the benefits of delegation ?
~managers have more time, less stress.
~staff gain experience, become more flexible and more skilled.
~overall work in a business gets done faster and more efficiently.
what are the 3 different types of leaders ?
~autocratic,
~democratic,
~laissez-faire.
what are autocratic leaders ?
~they’re leaders who do not like to share there authority with subordinates but prefer to make most of the decisions themselves.
~have little trust in staff, unwilling to delegate power, ignore subordinates decision making ideas, use their authority to get their own way.
what are some advantages of an autocratic style ?
~decisions are made quickly,
~work is don the way the managers wants,
~suits organisations where discipline is important, like the army,
~can be very useful in crisis or emergency situations.
what are some disadvantages of an autocratic style ?
~managers who try plan, organise and control everything become overloaded with work and stress,
~staff become demotivated,
~a lack of trust in staff can lead to industrial relations conflict.
what are democratic leaders ?
~they are leaders that are willing to discuss issues with staff and to delegate work and responsibly where necessary,
~these leaders have trust in their subordinates,
~they delegate authority,
~take decisions only after discussion & like to persuade others.
what are some advantages of a democratic style ?
~shared input into decision making leads to better quality decisons,
~delegating authority means more time and less stress for managers,
~staff are more motivated, this helps maintain good industrial relations,
~this style promotes staff initiative and intrapreneurship.
what are some disadvantages of a democratic style??????
~slower decision making,
~quality of decision making declines when managers takes to may opinions on board ?
what is laissez-faire leadership ???
~this type of leadership involves giving staff general goals and targets to aim for and then giving them the authority to achieve these in whatever way they think best,
~increased trust and delegate power amongst subordinates,
~allow staff to make most decisions,
~listen to others opinions before making decisions,
what are some advantages of a laissez-faire style ?
~speedy decisions can be made by staff closest to the issues,
~giving staff responsibility can test them and motivate them,
~intrapreneurship is strongly encouraged.
what are some disadvantages of a laissez-faire style ?
~inexperienced staff may not be able to handle responsibility,
~poor decisions may be made due to a lack of supervision.
what is motivation ?
~it is the willingness of people to work hard and to contribute their best efforts, this leads to ; Increased productivity, greater intrapreneurship, improved industrial relations, easier staff recruitment and retention, increased productivity and profitability for the business.
what are the two important theories of motivation ???
~MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS,
~MCGREGOR’S THEORY X AND THEORY Y,
what is maslow’s hierarchy of needs ?
it says that all human needs can be arranged in a hierarchy (or pyramid) in order of their importance,
how many levels are they’re in the hierarchy of needs ?
5
what are the different needs listed on the hierarchy of needs ???
1-Self-actualisation needs, 2-esteem needs, 3-social needs, 4-safety needs, 5-physical needs.
what are the some advantages of maslow’s hierarchy of needs ?
~it recognises that people are motivated by more than money,
~it recognises that different things motivate different people and at different times,
what are some disadvantages of maslow’s hierarchy of needs ?
~the theory may not work for everyone as people are very complex,
~in life people do not just satisfy one need at a time.
what do managers who use mcgregor’s theory x believe ?
~they believe their staff are;
~lazy and dislike work,
~have no ambition,
~dislike change,
~only motivated by money.what do theory x managers believe they should do ?
they believe they should; ~only offer financial incentives, ~closely supervise staff, ~avoid consulting with staff, ~threaten staff.
what do managers who use mcgregor’s theory y believe ?
they believe their employees; ~can enjoy work, ~have ambitions, ~are open to change ~motivated by more than money.
what do theory y managers believe they should do ?
they believe they should;
~provide interesting and challenging work,
~provide staff with a good working enviroment,
~consult with staff regularly,
~provide plenty of encouragement,
what are some disadvantages of McGregor’s theory x attitude to management ?
1-reduced motivation, 2-less creativity, 3-poor reputation, 4-higher staff turnover, 5-reduced profitability and productivity.
what are some advantages of McGregor’s theory y attitude to management ?
1-high motivation, 2-more creativity, 3-better business reputation, 4-lower staff turnover, 5-more positive industrial relations, 6-increased profitability and productivity.
