Chapter 6- Lecture Flashcards
What are the five aspects influenced by grief?
Cognitive Physical Spiritual Social Behavioral
What spiritual aspects occur when people are faced with grief?
Reconciliation with others
Forgiveness from God
Disconnected from God (higher Power)
How do you support the patient through difficult news?
Content
Context
Emotional support
What should be remembered when delivering difficult news?
Everyone involved in patient care plays an active role in creating memory
What is considered under content?
Cognitive vs. feelings
Safe space
Repetition
What is considered under context?
Privacy: Safe environment
Respond to emotions
What is considered under emotional support?
Their own resources
Medical center resources
What are Kubler-Ross’ five stages of grief?
Denial and isolation Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance
What are Worden’s tasks of mourning?
Accepting the reality of the loss
Feeling the pain and experiencing grief
Adjusting to an environment from which the decreased is missing
Withdrawing emotional energy from the deceased and reinvesting it in another relationship.
Which Kubler-ross stages match up with Worden’s tasks?
Denial with accepting the reality of the loss
Anger, bargaining, depression with feeling the pain and experiencing grief
Acceptance with the last two
What are Bowlby and Parkes 4 phases of grief?
Shock and numbness
Searching and Yearning
Disorganization and despair
Reorganization
What is shock and numbness?
Shock acts as a protective mechanism against the full effects of loss. New information is difficult to process and denial is a shield for pain
What is searching and yearning?
Many people feel that they are “going crazy” because of things they are seeing, feeling, thinking…
What is disorganization and despair?
Withdrawal from others.
Substance abuse
Depression
Unwillingness to get help
What is reorganization?
Resolution.
Sometimes it is coupled with feelings of guilt because the pain is over
What are the six determinants of grief?
Relation to the survivor Nature of the attachment The mode of death Prior grief experiences/Mental health Religious beliefs Gender
What is part of the nature of attachment?
Whether the deceased provided strength, security, or ambivalence in the relationship
Some people are relieved
What is part of the mode of death?
Natural death is easier to cope with than accidental death, suicide, or murder
What questions might be asked when dealing with religious beliefs and death?
Why me? Why now? Why this? Miracles? Afterlife?
Where do the differences in gender grieving come from?
Socialization of gender-related expressions of grief and their roles.
Generally, how can men show grief?
Need to know they are respected
Generally, how can women show grief?
Need to know they will be related to.
What are normal grief feelings?
Sadness, anger, guilt, self-reproach Anxiety, death phobia Loneliness, fatigue, helplessness Shock Yearning Emancipation Relief Numbness
What are normal physical sensations of grief?
Hallowness in the stomach Tightness in the chest and throat Sense of depersonalization Breathlessness Weakness in muscles
What are normal cognitive thoughts of grief?
Disbelief Confusion Preoccupation Sense of presence Hallucinations
What are normal behaviors of grief?
Sleep disturbances, Appetite disturbances Absent-minded behaviors Social withdrawal Dreams of the deceased Restless over activity Sighing or crying Fear of losing memories Treasuring objects
What is the definition of abnormal grief?
Too little grieving immediately after a death or too much grieving long afterward.
What increases the risks of abnormal grief?
Not seeing the body
Sudden loss
Ambiguous loss
What can decrease the risk of abnormal grief?
Helping patients and families effectively grieve during the INITIAL phases of grief
What are ways to say goodbye?
I remember when... Forgive me... I forgive you... I will miss... I love you... Goodbye
What should the medical professional be aware of when dealing with grief?
Be aware of your own history with loss
Plan support for crisis situations
Acknowledge your won personal needs
How can you be aware of your own history of loss?
Think about past and present
Be aware of your coping mechanisms
How can you plan support for crisis situations?
Use the interdisciplinary team to debrief
How can you acknowledge your own personal needs?
Forgive and reconcile Sleep Personal limitations You cannot save everyone Watch for burnout, depression, and job dissatisfaction
