Chapter 6: Intraoral Radiographic Anatomy Flashcards
A complete radiographic survey is made up of?
14-17 Periapical radiographs: (8 maxilla 7 mandible)
2-4 Bitewing radiographs
Steps for a radiographic interpretation:
- Radiographic positioning
- light box
- sequential examination: visual search strategies (identification of anatomic structures)
- match the radiographic finding with the clinical examination
A radiolucent image?
- absorption
- darker or whiter
- example of which structures
- less absorption
- darker
- body cavities, pulp, PDL, bone marrow
A radio opaque image?
- absorption
- darker or whiter
- example of which structures
- more absorption
- whiter
- dentin, enamel, LD, alveolar bone crest, cortical bone, metal
Teeth structures observed in a radiograph?
- Enamel
- Dentin
- Cementum
- Pulp
- DEJ
- Roots
- Apical foramen
Enamel?
- % of mineralisation
- radiolucent or radio opaque
- dense or not
- absorption (more or less)
- 95%
- radioopaque
- dense
- more absorption
Dentin?
- % of mineralisation
- radiolucent or radio opaque
- dense or not
- absorption (more or less)
- 75%
- radioopaque but less then enamel
- less dense
- less absorption
- smooth and homogenous
Which of the teeth structures is not usually apparent radiographically?
Cementum
Pulp?
- radiolucent or radio opaque
- dense or not
- absorption (more or less)
- what can you see, parts of the pulp?
- radiolucent
- less dense
- less absorption
- chambers, root canal, apical foramen
What can be seen radiographically and can be mistaken for dental caries?
- cervical burnout
Cervical burnout?
- radiolucent or radio opaque
- where is it more pronounced
- radiolucent band around the necks of the teeth
- more pronounced at the proximal edges
What are the 4 supporting structures?
- lamina dura
- alveolar crest
- PDL
- cancellous bone
Lamina dura?
- radiolucent or radioopaque
- which tooth structure does it support
- radio opaque
- supports enamel
LED
The lamina dura is wider and more dense in?
Heavy occlusion
Alveolar crest?
- radiolucent or radioopaque
- which tooth structure does it support
- distance from CEJ?
- it’s continuous with with structure?
- radio opaque
- supports dentin
- 1.5mm
- lamina dura and forms a sharp angle with it
ABCD
2 situations in which the alveolar crest recedes?
Age and periodontal disease
Periodontal ligament space?
- radiolucent or radioopaque
- which tooth structure does it support
- it lies between which two structures and where does it begin
- radiolucent
- cementum
- lamina dura and root. Begins at alveolar crest
PDL C
In which situation does the PDL space widen?
Periodontal disease
Cancellous bone?
- radiolucent or radioopaque
- which tooth structure does it support
- radioopaque surrounded by radiolucent pockets of marrow
- DEJ
- trabecular bone (spongy)
What are the radio-graphical anatomical structures we can see in the maxilla?
11
1. Pterygoid plates
2. Maxillary tubersoity
3. Coronoid process
4. Maxillary sinus
5. Zygomatic process and zygoma
6. Palatal vault
7. Lateral fossa
8. Nasal aperature
9. Incisive foramen
10. Inter maxillary suture
11. Nasolacrimal canal
What are the radio-graphical anatomical structures we can see in the mandible?
8
1. Retromolar space and vertical ramus
2. Mandibular canal
3. Submandibular gland fossa
4. Idiopathic bone condensation
5. Mental foramen
6. Genial tubercle
7. Lingual foramen
9. External oblique ridge
Pterygoid plates of the sphenoid bone?
- radio lucent or radio opaque
- where is it located
- made up of
- radioopaque but hamular process is less dense
- posterior to the maxillary tuberosity
- medial and lateral plates
- medial plate has an extension (hamular process)
What is the inferior extension of the medial pterygoid plate that looks like a hook, and is at the lower extremity
Hamular process
What structure is present right after the 3rd or 2nd molar? And is it radiolucent or radioopaque
Maxillary tuberosity
Borders are radioopaque but its less dense in general
Coronoid process?
- shape
- radiolucent or radio opaque
- what does it depend on
- triangular
- radioopaque
- depending on the position of the jaw
Maxillary sinus?
- consists of
- borders?
- radiolucent or radioopaque
- what structure lies within in
- right and left sinuses
- posterior border and floor
- radio opaque
- roots of the molars
Regarding the symmetry of the right and left sinuses?
Asymmetrical
Zygomatic process and zygoma?
- shape
- radiolucent or radio opaque
- location
- u shaped
- radioopaque , more dense
- apical region of 1st and 2nd molar
Palatal vault?
- radiolucent or radioopaque
- location
- radioopaque
- apical region of canines and lateral incisor
Lateral fossa?
- radiolucent or radio opaque
- location
- misinterpreted as
-
- radiolucent
- near apex of lateral incisor, dip or depression in the bone on the labial aspect of the maxilar
- misinterpreted as pathological condition
Nasal aperture?
- radiolucent or radio opaque
- extending away from
- contains
- radio opaque
- extending bilaterally away from the anterior nasal spine
- nasal cavity contains the opaque shadows of the inferior conchae
Incisive foramen?
- radiolucent or radio opaque
- location
Radiolucent
Between central incisors
Inter maxillary suture?
- radiolucent or radio opaque
- location
- from where to where
Radio lucent
In the middle between the two portions of the pre maxilla (above incisive foramen)
From alveolar crest to anterior nasal spine
Nasolacrimal canal?
- radiolucent or radio opaque
- in which view is it visible
- from where to where
Radiolucent
Occlusal view , near molar
Medial aspect of the anterior inferior border of the orbit to drain under the inferior concha into the the nasal cavity
Retromolar space and vertical ramus?
- where
Behind last molar, space
Mandibular canal?
- radiolucent or radio opaque
- borders
- between what two structures
- radiolucent but the inferior and superior borders are radioopaque
- inferior and superior borders
- between mandibular foramen to mental foramen
Submandibular gland fossa?
- radio lucent or radio opaque
- between which teeth
Radio lucent
1st and 2nd molar
Idiopathic bone condensation?
- radiolucent or radio opaque
- between which teeth
Radio opaque
Also between 1st and 2nd molars
Mental foramen?
- radiolucent or radio opaque
- between which teeth
Radiolucent
Premolars
Genial tubercles?
- radiolucent or radio opaque
- located on which surface
- function
- radioopaque
- lingual surface slightly above the inferior border and in the midline
- attaches the muscles to the genioglossus and geniohyoid
Lingual foramen?
- radiolucent or radioopaque
- which surface
- how many
- radiolucent
- lingual surface of the midline in the region of the genial tubercles
- 2 of more
What structure represents a depression in bone on the labial aspect of the maxilla?
A. Nasal spine
B. Lateral fossa
C. Incisive canal
D. Inferior concha
B
