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OSI Ignacio > Chapter 17: Oral Cavity Anatomy Applied To Exodontia > Flashcards

Chapter 17: Oral Cavity Anatomy Applied To Exodontia Flashcards

1
Q

The knowledge of anatomical structures is crucial to?

A

perform surgery that respects the integrity of the anatomical findings

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2
Q

Surgical anatomy is?

A

The study of the structure and morphological characteristics of the tissues and organs of the body as they relate to surgery

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3
Q

Topographic anatomy is:

A

the study of anatomy based on regions or divisions of the body and emphasising the relations between various structures (muscles and nerves and arteries etc.) in that region

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4
Q

The surgical anatomy structures are

A

8:
Teeth and surrounding structures
Mandible
Floor of the cavity
Tongue
Maxilla
Palate
Cheek
Lips

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5
Q

The surrounding structures of teeth are:

A
  • cementum
  • PDL
  • alveolar bone
  • gingiva
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6
Q

Teeth are made up of:

A
  • crown
  • cervical line
  • root
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7
Q

The clinical crown vs anatomical crown:

A
  • clinical crown is the portion of the tooth that is above the gingival margin
  • anatomical crown is the part of the tooth that is covered with enamel
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8
Q

Cervical line is?

A

DEJ

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9
Q

Which of the jaw bones is less dense?

A

Maxilla

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10
Q

Surgical considerations regarding teeth and their surrounding structures:

A
  • Anaesthetic technique
  • Tooth position/access
  • Tooth anatomy
  • Surgical instruments
  • Complications
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11
Q

Cementum is

A

Bone like tissues which covers the dental roots

  • avascular and lacks nerves
  • perforated by sharpeys fibers
  • overlaps enamel
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12
Q

PDL ?
- function
- composition
- connects what to what
- nerves and blood supply?

A
  • support the teeth and provide sensory information
  • Dense fibrous connective tissue (0.2mm wide)
  • Connect the alveolar bone and cementum
  • Rich nerve and blood supply
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13
Q

Alveolar bone:
- function
- dependent on?
- composed of?
- how does it look like on an xray

A

• Supports and protects the teeth.
• Dependent on the presence of teeth and functional stimuli.
• Septa/ interradicular septa.
• X-rays: continuous dense white line about 0.5-1mm thick (LD).

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14
Q

Gingiva:
- composition
- location
- 3 types of gingiva

A

• Fibrous tissue covered with a smooth vascular mucous membrane.
• Envelope the alveolar process of the jaws and the neck of the teeth. At the neck of the teeth becomes continuous with the periodontal ligament.
• Free gingiva, attached gingiva, and interdental gingiva

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15
Q

3 types of gingiva:

A

• Free gingiva: collar around teeth.
• Attached gingiva: attached to the alveolar process.
• Interdental gingiva: between teeth.

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16
Q

The mandible is made up of ?

A

Anterior and posterior mandible

17
Q

The anterior mandible is

A

Between the 2 mental foramen

18
Q

Anterior mandible:
• Bone level:
• Buccal surface:
• Lingual surface:
• Inferior border:

A

• Bone level: incisive nerve/vessels. (Teeth)
• Buccal surface: mental neuro vascular bundle. • Lingual surface: genioglossus muscle (attaches to the genial tubercle)
• Inferior border: submental artery

19
Q

Posterior mandible:
• Bone level:
• Buccal surface:
• Lingual surface:

A

• Bone level:
1. Inferior alveolar nerve.
2. Inferior alveolar artery.
3. Inferior alveolar vein.

• Buccal surface:
1. Facial artery.
2. Buccal nerve.

• Lingual surface:
1. Lingual nerve.
2. Mylohyoid muscle.

20
Q

Floor of the mouth:
- location
- made up of
- muscles there
- structures present

A
  • Small region situated beneath the mobile part of the tongue and above the mylohoid muscles.
  • Sublingual papilla (submandibular salivary duct ) + Sublingual folds.
  • Mylohyoid + geniohyoid.
  • Ranine artery, Wharton duct, ducts of Rivinus, Duct of Batholin, Lingual nerve, Sublingual artery
21
Q

Which duct is the largest, and joins the submandibular duct.

A

Duct of Batholin

22
Q

Tongue:
- definition
- portions
- attachments
- 2 planes

A
  • Highly muscular organ of deglutition, taste, and speech.
  • 2 portions: oral and pharyngeal.
  • Attached to the hyoid bone, mandible, styloid processes, soft palate, and the pharyngeal wall.
  • Mucosal plane and muscular plane
23
Q

Mucosal plane:
- covered by
- shape

A
  • Covered by numerous papilla. Taste buds.
  • V shaped sulcus terminalis:
    Anterior, oral, presulcal.
    Posterior, pharyngeal, postsulcal.
24
Q

Muscular plane:

A

Extrinsic: genioglossus, hypoglossus, styloglossus, chondroglossus, and palatoglossus.

Lingual artery, dorsal lingual arteries, sublingual artery, and deep lingual artery.

25
Q

Maxilla:
- posterior area
- anterior area

A

Posterior: posterior to canine
Anterior: between canines, Inter canine portion

26
Q

Anterior area:
- bone level:
- external surface:

A
  • bone level:
    1. Incisive canal
    2. Nasopalatine neuro vascular bundle
    3. floor of the nasal fossa
  • external surface: Infraorbital neuro vascular bundle
27
Q

Posterior area:
- bone level:
- external surface:

A
  • bone level:
    1. Maxillary sinus
    2. PSA artery (posterior superior alveolar artery)
  • external surface:
    1. Stenson duct
    2. Buccal fat pad (Bichat): between masseter and buccinator
    3. Pterygopalatine fossa
    4. Maxillar nerve
    5. Maxillar artery
    6. Pterygoid venous plexus
28
Q

Palate:
2 parts:

A
  • hard and soft
29
Q

Hard plate:
- formed by?
- covered by?
- lateral regions

A
  • Formed by the palatine process of the maxillae and the horizontal plates of the palatine bones
  • Covered by a thick mucosa bound tightly to the underlying periosteum
  • Lateral regions: neuro vascular bundle.
30
Q

Soft palate:
- definition
- includes
- inferior border:

A
  • Mobile flap suspended from the posterior border of the hard palate
  • Thick fold of mucosa enclosing an aponeurosis, muscular tissue, vessels, nerves, lymphoid tissue, and mucous glands
  • Inferior border: conical process, the uvula, projects downwards
31
Q

Innervation of the palate:

A

• Nasopalatine neuro vascular bundle (hard)
• Greater palatine neuro vascular bundle (soft)

32
Q

Cheek:
- outer surface:
- inner surface:
- structures present

A
  • Outer surface: skin.
  • Inner surface: mucosa.
  • Buccinator muscle, buccal fat pad, fibrous connective tissue, vessels, nerves, numerous small buccal mucous glands.
  • Buccal fat pad , Stenson duct, Facial artery, Facial nerve
33
Q

Lips:
- definition
- muscle
- vascualraisation
- submucosa
- nerves

A
  • Two fleshy folds surrounding the oral orifice

-Orbicularis oris

  • Well vascularised
  • Submucosa: minor salivary glands
  • Superior labial artery and Inferior labial artery

OSI Ignacio (10 decks)

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