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Personal Training > Chapter 6: Fitness Assessment > Flashcards

Chapter 6: Fitness Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

General and Medical history: such as Occupation, Lifestyle, medical, and personal information

A

Subjective information

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2
Q

What does a preparticipation health screening include?

A

A medical history questionnaire and a review of their chronic disease risk factors and presence of any signs or symptoms of disease.

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3
Q

A questionnaire that has been designed to determine the safety or possible risk of exercising for a client based on the answers to specific health history questions.

A

What is the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire?

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4
Q

Collecting this kind of information helps personal trainers begin to recognize important clues about the clients musculoskeletal structures and functions?

A

Occupation

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5
Q

What are the effects of clients sitting for long periods throughout the day?

A

tight hip flexors and postural imbalances such as rounded shoulders and forward head and potentially cause poor cardiorespiratory conditioning due to low energy.

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6
Q

A persistent motion that can cause musculoskeletal injury and dysfunction?

A

repetitive movement

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7
Q

What can lead to abnormal breathing patterns that may cause postural or musculoskeletal imbalances in the neck, shoulder, chest, and low-back muscles?

A

Mental stress and anxiety

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8
Q

Refers to a client’s physical activities outside of the work environment, also referred to as leisure time?

A

Recreation

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9
Q

What have been shown to decrease the neural control to the gluteus medius and gluteus maximus muscles?

A

Ankle Sprains

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10
Q

What can cause a decrease in the neural control to muscles that stabalize the patella and lead to further injury?

A

Knee Injuries

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11
Q

What are noncontact knee injures usually a result of?

A

ankle or hip dysfunctions

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12
Q

What can cause decreased neural control to stabalizing muscles of the core, resulting in poor stabalization of the spice?

A

Low-back injuries

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13
Q

What can cause altered neural control of the rotator cuff muscles, which can lead do instability of the shoulder joint during functional activities?

A

Shoulder injuries

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14
Q

patellar tendonitis

A

Jumpers knee

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15
Q

plantar fasciitis

A

pain in the heel and bottom of the foot

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16
Q

posterior tibialis tendonitis

A

shin splints

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17
Q

biceps tendonitis

A

shoulder pain

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18
Q

Generally used as antihypertensive (high blood pressure), may also be prescribed for arrhythmias (irregular heart beat)

A

Beta-blockers

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19
Q

Generally prescribed for hypertension and angina (chest pain)

A

Calcium-channel blockers

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20
Q

Generally prescribed for hypertension, congestive heart failure

A

Nitrates

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21
Q

Generally prescribed for hypertension, congestive heart failure, and peripheral edema

A

Diuretics

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22
Q

Generally prescribed to correct or prevent bronchial smooth muscle constriction in individuals with asthma and other pulmonary diseases

A

Bronchodilators

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23
Q

Used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure

A

Vasodilators

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24
Q

Used in the treatment of various psychiatric and emotional disorders

A

antidepressants

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25
Q

Type of MEDICATION that causes heart rate and blood pressure to both decrease

A

Beta-Blockers

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26
Q

Type of MEDICATION that causes the heart rate to either increase, decrease, or stay the same while the blood pressure decreases?

A

Calcium-Channel Blockers

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27
Q

Which type of medication causes the heart rate to increase or stay the same while the blood pressure stays the same or decreases?

A

Nitrates

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28
Q

Which type of MEDICATION has no effect on the heart rate and has either no effect or decreases blood pressure?

A

Diuretics

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29
Q

Type of TREATMENT that has no effect on the heart rate or blood pressure?

A

Bronchodilators

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30
Q

Type of TREATMENT that can either increase, decrease, or have no effect on the heart rate while decreasing the blood pressure?

A

Vasodilators

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31
Q

Type of TREATMENT that can increase or have no effect on the heart rate and either decrease or have no effect on the blood pressure?

A

Antidepressants

32
Q

Information collected during a fitness assessment including resting and exercise physiological measurements (blood pressure, heart rate), resting anthropometric measurements (height, weight, body fat percentage, circumference measurements), and specific measures of fitness (muscular endurance, flexibility, cardiorespiratory fitness)

A

Objective Information

33
Q

What is a sensitive indicator of a client’s overall cardiorespiratory health as well as fitness status?

A

Resting heart rate and blood pressure

34
Q

Resting HR is a fairly good indicator of overall ____?

A

Cardiorespiratory fitness

35
Q

Exercise HR is a strong indicator of how a client’s cardiorespiratory system is ______?

A

Responding and adapting to exercise

36
Q

What are the two most common sites used to record a pulse?

A

the radial and carotid arteries

37
Q

What is the purpose of heart rate training zone 1?

A

build aerobic base and aids in recovery

38
Q

What is the purpose of heart rate training zone 2?

A

Increase aerobic and anaerobic endurance

39
Q

What is the purpose of heart rate training zone 3?

A

Builds high-end work capacity

40
Q

Straight Percentage Method to calculate THR.

A

First find the maximal heart rate by subtracting the client’s age from 220 (220-age). Then once The HR max is determined multiply it by the appropriate intensityat which the client should work while performing cardiorespiratory exercise.

41
Q

What is Zone One’s intensity rate?

42
Q

What is Zone Two’s intensity rate?

43
Q

What is zone Three’s intensity rate?

44
Q

The pressure of the circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels after blood is ejected from the heart?

A

Blood Pressure

45
Q

The top number of blood pressure that represents the pressure within the arterial system after the heart contracts?

46
Q

The bottom number of blood pressure that represents the pressure within the arterial system when the heart is resting and filling with blood?

47
Q

What is an acceptable systolic blood pressure measurement?

A

less than or equal to 120 mm Hg

48
Q

What is an acceptable diastolic blood pressure measurement?

A

less than or equal to 80 mm Hg

49
Q

Body weight except stored fat, and includes muscles, bones, water, connective and organ tissues, and teeth

A

Fat-free mass

50
Q

Includes both essential fat and non essential fat

51
Q

What is the essential body fat for men and for women?

A

Men: 3-5%; Women: 8-12%

52
Q

What is the Athletic body fat for men and women?

A

Men: 5-13%; Women: 12-22%

53
Q

What is the recommended body fat percentages for men and women 34 years or less?

A

Men: 8-22%; Women: 20-35%

54
Q

What is the recommended body fat percentages for men and women 35 - 55 years of age?

A

Men: 10-25%; Women: 23-38%

55
Q

What is the recommended body fat percentages for men and women 56+ years of age?

A

Men: 10-25%; Women: 25-38%

56
Q

In underwater weighing, a person with a larger percentage of lean body mass will weigh (more/less) in the water

57
Q

An indirect measure of the thickness and subcutaneous adipose tissue

A

Skinfold measurements

58
Q

What is the Durnin formula’s four sites of skinfold measurement?

A

Biceps, Triceps, Subscapular, Illiac Crest

59
Q

A 45-degree angle fold of 1 to 2 cm, below the inferior angle of the scapula?

A

Subscapular measurment

60
Q

A 45- degree angle fold, taken just above the iliac crest and medial to the axillary line?

A

Illiac Crest measurement

61
Q

What side of the body should all the skinfold measurements be taken on?

62
Q

Body fat % X scale weight =

63
Q

Scale Weight - fat mass =

A

lean body mass

64
Q

Waist-to-hip-ratio

A

dividing the waist measurement by the hip measurement

65
Q

A waist-to-hip ration greater than what for men and women may put them at risk for a number of diseases?

A

Men: .95; Women: .80

66
Q

A rough assessment based on the concept that a persons weight should be proportional to their height?

A

Body Mass Index (BMI)

67
Q

What are the two ways of calculating BMI?

A

Weight(kg)/Height (m^2)

[weight (lbs)/Height (in^2)] X 703

68
Q

What is the preferred method for determining cardiorespiratory functional capacity and fitness?

A

submaximal tests

69
Q

What are the 5 steps of the YMCA 3-minute step test?

A

STEP 1: Perform a 3 minute step test by having a client perform 96 steps per minuteon a 12 -inch step for a total of 3 minutes
STEP 2: record resting HR for 60 sec
STEP 3: Locate recovery pulse on graph
STEP 4: Determine zone according to HR graph
STEP 5: determine client’s MHR then multiply it by target zone

70
Q

A postural distortion syndrome characterized by foot pronation (flat feet) and adducted and internally rotated knees

A

Pronation distortion syndrome

71
Q

A postural distortion syndrome characterized by an anterior tilt to the pelvis (arched lower back)

A

Lower crossed syndrome

72
Q

A postural distortion syndrome characterized by a forward head and rounded shoulders

A

Upper crossed syndrome

73
Q

What are possible injuries as a result of Pronation Distortion Syndrome?

A

Plantar fasciitis, Posterior tibialis tendonitis (shin splints), Patellar tendonitis, Low-back pain

74
Q

What are possible injuries as a result of Lower Crossed Syndrome?

A

Hamstring complex Strain, Anterior knee pain, Low-back pain

75
Q

What are possible injuries as a result of Upper Crossed Syndrome?

A

Headaches, Bicep tendonitis, rotator cuff impingement, Thoracic outlet syndrome.

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