Chapter 4: Exercise Metabolism and Bioenergetics

Question 1

What is the study of energy in the human body?

Answer 1

Bioenergetics

Question 2

The process in which nutrients are acquired, transported, used, and disposed of by the body.

Answer 2

Metabolism

Question 3

The examination of bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiologic changes and demands placed on the body during exercise?

Answer 3

exercise Metabolism

Question 4

The material or substance on which an enzyme acts

Answer 4

Substrates

Question 5

Organic compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which include starches, cellulose, and sugars, and are an important source of energy?

Answer 5

Carbohydrates

Question 6

A simple sugar manufactured by the body from carbs, fat, and to a lesser extent protein, which serves as the body’s main source of fuel

Answer 6

Glucose

Question 7

The complex carb molecule used to store carbs in the liver and muscle cells.

Answer 7

Glycogen

Question 8

A source of energy for the body. Helps the body use some vitamins and keep the skin healthy.

Answer 8

Fats

Question 9

The chemical or substrate form in which most fat exists in food as well as in the body

Answer 9

Triglycerides

Question 10

Amino acids linked by peptide bonds, which consist of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and usually sulfur, and that have several essential biologic compounds

Answer 10

Protein

Question 11

The formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, such as amino acids

Answer 11

Gluconeogenesis

Question 12

Energy Storage and transfer unit within the cells of the body

Answer 12

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Question 13

A high-energy compound occuring in all cells from which ATP is formed

Answer 13

Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP)

Question 14

The Breakdown of triglycerides into smaller subunits called free fatty acids (FFAs) to convert FFAs into acyl-CoA molecules, which then are available to enter the Krebs Cycle and ultimately lead to the production of additional ATP

Answer 14

B-oxidation

Question 15

The state in which the body’s metabolism is elevated after exercise

Answer 15

Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC)

Question 16

Simplest and fastest of the energy systems and occurs without the presence of oxygen (anaerobic). Provides energy for high-intensity, short duration bouts of exercise or activity. Creates a new ATP molecule from a phosphocreatine molecule

Answer 16

ATP-PC system

Question 17

Anerobic means of poroducing ATP through the chemical breakdown of glucose.

Answer 17

Glycosis

Question 18

Most complex of energy systems. It is the process that uses substrates with the aid of oxygen to generate ATP. Aerobic system.

Answer 18

The Oxidative system

Question 19

What are the 3 oxidative or aerobic systems?

Answer 19

Aerobic glycosis, The Krebs Cycle, The Electron transport chain (ETC)

Question 20

Which substrates rarely supplies much energy in exercise and in many descriptions is ignored as significant fuel for energy metabolism?

Answer 20

Protein

Question 21

The primary end product after the primary digestion of carbs is the formation of ____?

Answer 21

Glucose