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Personal Training > Chapter 3: The Cardiorespiratory System > Flashcards

Chapter 3: The Cardiorespiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the System of the body composed of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems?

A

Cardiorespiratory System

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2
Q

What is a system of the body composed of the heart, blood, and blood vessels?

A

Cardiovascular System

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3
Q

What is a hollow muscular organ that pumps a circulation of blood through the body by means of rhythmic contraction?

A

Heart

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4
Q

What is the space in the chest between the lungs that contains all the internal organs of the chest except the lungs?

A

Mediastinum

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5
Q

What is a specialized area of cardiac tissue, located in the right atrium of the heart, which initiates the electrical impulses that determine the heart rate; often termed the pacemaker for the heart?

A

Sinoatrial (SA) Node

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6
Q

What is a small mass of specialized cardiac muscle fibers, located in the wall of the right atrium of the heart, that receives heartbeat impulses from the sinoatrial node and directs them to the walls of the ventricals?

A

Atrioventricular (AV) Node

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7
Q

What is the superior chamber of the heart that recieves blood from the veins and forces it into the ventricles?

A

Atrium

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8
Q

What is the inferior chamber of the heart that recieves blood from its corresponding atrium and, in turn, forces blood into the arteries?

A

Ventricles

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9
Q

The amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction

A

Stroke Volume

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10
Q

The rate at which the heart pumps?

A

Heart Rate

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11
Q

Heart rate X stroke volume, the overall performance of the heart

A

Cardiac Output

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12
Q

Fluid that circulates in the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins,carries nutrients and oxygen to all parts of the body, and also rids the body of waste products

A

Blood

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13
Q

Network of hollow tubes that circulates blood away from the heart

A

Blood Vessels

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14
Q

Vessels that transport blood away from the heart

A

arteries

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15
Q

The smallest blood vessels, and the site of exchange of chemicals and water between the blood and the tissues

A

Capillaries

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16
Q

Vessels that transport blood from the capillaries toward the heart

A

Veins

17
Q

Small terminal branches of an artery, which end in capillaries

A

Arterioles

18
Q

The very small veins that connect capillaries to the larger veins

A

Venules

19
Q

A system of organs (the lungs and prespiratory passageways) that collects oxygen from the external environment and transports it to the bloodstream

A

Respiratory System

20
Q

The process of actively contracting the inspiratory muscles to move air into the body

A

Inspiration

21
Q

The process of actively or passively relaxing the inspiratory muscles to move air out of the body

A

Expiration

22
Q

The process of getting oxygen from the environment to the tissues of the body

A

Diffusion

23
Q

The highest rate of oxygen transport and utilization achieved at maximal physical exertion

A

Maximal Oxygen Consumption

24
Q

Gathers deoxygenated blood

A

Right atrium

25
Q

Gathers oxygenated blood

A

Left atrium

26
Q

Largest blood vessel in the body?

A

Aorta

27
Q

What has thin walls and pumps under low pressure due to the fact it pumps blood to the lungs?

A

Right Ventricle

28
Q

What has thick walls and pumps under high pressure due to the fact it pumps blood to the entire body?

A

Left Ventricle

29
Q

What are the 3 mechanisms of Blood?

A

Transportation, Regulation, Protection

30
Q

What is the primary respiratory muscle?

A

Diaphragm

31
Q

During heavy or forced breathing, inspiratory ventilation relies on the activity of which secondary respiratory muscles?

A

Scalenes and Pectoralis minor

32
Q

What is the resting consumption of oxygen uptake?

A

3.5 mL per Kg of body weight per minute

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