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Anatomy and Physiology (made by me) > Chapter 6: Bone Tissue > Flashcards

Chapter 6: Bone Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the epiphyseal (growth) plate located?

A

Metaphyses

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2
Q

Two abundant minerals bone stores

A

Calcium and phosphorus

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3
Q

What’s age does bone cease to grow in length

A

18-21

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4
Q

Role of articular cartilage

A

Reduces friction and shock at freely moveable joints

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5
Q

What attaches the periosteum to underlying bone?

A

Perforating ( Sharpeys fibers) which are bundles of collagen that extend from bone to EXtracellular matrix

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6
Q

What helps protect the bone, assists in fracture repair, helps nourish the bone, and serves as an attachment point for ligaments and tendons

A

Periosteum

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7
Q

What does hemopoiesis produce ?

A

RBC WBC and platelets

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8
Q

What thin membrane lines the medullary cavity?

A

Endosteum

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9
Q

What contains red bone marrow?

A

Spongy bone tissue of epiphysis and metaphysis

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10
Q

What does bones flexibility depend on?

A

Collagen fibers

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11
Q

Bone stem cells are known as ?

A

Osteogenic cells

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12
Q

Cells in bone that are able to undergo cell division and develop into osteoblasts

A

Osteogenic cells

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13
Q

What do osteoblasts develop into when they become trapped in their own secretions ?

A

Osteocytes

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14
Q

Calcification is initiated by what bone cell ?

A

Osteoblasts

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15
Q

True or false 80% of the skeleton is compact bone and 20% is spongy bone

A

True

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16
Q

This bone cell is developed from 50 monocytes (WBC), contains a ruffled border, and helps regulate blood calcium levels

A

Osteoclasts

17
Q

Strongest form of bone, makes up bulk of diaphysis, contains few spaces, resists stresses produced by weight and movement

A

Compact bone

18
Q

Compact bone tissue is composed of repeating structural units called ….?

A

Osteons or haversian systems

19
Q

Resembles growth of ring of tree, these are circular plates of mineralized EXtracellular matrix

A

Concentric lamellae

20
Q

Between concentric lamellae and contain osteocytes

A

Lacunae

21
Q

Filled with ECF these radiate from all directions of lacunae

A

Canaliculi

22
Q

The center of a haversian system

A

Central (haversian) canal

23
Q

True or false spongy bone constrains Osteons?

A

False- it consists of trabeculae surrounding many red bone marrow filled spaces

24
Q

Blood vessels, lymphatic sand nerves penetrate compact bone through what ?

A

Perforating canals or Volkmannx canals

25
Q

In contact bone are Osteons aligned vertically or parallel to the length of the diaphysis ?

A

Parallel

26
Q

What type of bone helps to resist stresses and transfer force. Located where not heavy stresses occur but stresses occur from many directions

A

Spongy bone

27
Q

Where does hemopoiesis occur in adults

A

Spongy bone in Hips, ribs, sternum, vertebrae and proximal ends of the humerous and femur

28
Q

A hole in the center of the diaphysis for an artery

A

Nutrient foremen

29
Q

Type of bone formation that forms bone directly in the menenchyme which is arranged in sheet like layers

A

Intramembranous ossification

30
Q

Type of bone formation that forms within hyaline cartilage

A

Enchondral ossification

31
Q

4 steps to Intramembranous ossification

A

1) development of ossification center
2) calcification
3) formation of trabeculae
4) development of periosteum

32
Q

Bone growth resulting I an increase in length

A

Interstitial (endogenous) growth

33
Q

Bone growth in thickness is known as ..?

A

Apposition all (exogenous) growth

34
Q

4 zones of resting cartilage in order

A

1) zone of resting cartilage
2) zone of peroliferating cartilage
3) zone of hypertrophic cartilage
4) zone of calcified cartilage

35
Q

What zone of the epiphyseal growth plate do Chondrichthyes undergo interstitial growth ?

A

Zone of proliferating cartilage

36
Q

Name the 6 stages of Enchondral ossification

A

1) development of cartilage model
2) growth of cartilage
3) development of primary ossification center
4) development of medullary cavity
5) development of secondary ossification center
6) formation of articulating cartilage

37
Q

Where does the secondary ossification center develop in Enchondral ossification ?

A

Epiphysis

Anatomy and Physiology (made by me) (19 decks)

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