Chapter 6: Bone Tissue Flashcards
Where is the epiphyseal (growth) plate located?
Metaphyses
Two abundant minerals bone stores
Calcium and phosphorus
What’s age does bone cease to grow in length
18-21
Role of articular cartilage
Reduces friction and shock at freely moveable joints
What attaches the periosteum to underlying bone?
Perforating ( Sharpeys fibers) which are bundles of collagen that extend from bone to EXtracellular matrix
What helps protect the bone, assists in fracture repair, helps nourish the bone, and serves as an attachment point for ligaments and tendons
Periosteum
What does hemopoiesis produce ?
RBC WBC and platelets
What thin membrane lines the medullary cavity?
Endosteum
What contains red bone marrow?
Spongy bone tissue of epiphysis and metaphysis
What does bones flexibility depend on?
Collagen fibers
Bone stem cells are known as ?
Osteogenic cells
Cells in bone that are able to undergo cell division and develop into osteoblasts
Osteogenic cells
What do osteoblasts develop into when they become trapped in their own secretions ?
Osteocytes
Calcification is initiated by what bone cell ?
Osteoblasts
True or false 80% of the skeleton is compact bone and 20% is spongy bone
True
This bone cell is developed from 50 monocytes (WBC), contains a ruffled border, and helps regulate blood calcium levels
Osteoclasts
Strongest form of bone, makes up bulk of diaphysis, contains few spaces, resists stresses produced by weight and movement
Compact bone
Compact bone tissue is composed of repeating structural units called ….?
Osteons or haversian systems
Resembles growth of ring of tree, these are circular plates of mineralized EXtracellular matrix
Concentric lamellae
Between concentric lamellae and contain osteocytes
Lacunae
Filled with ECF these radiate from all directions of lacunae
Canaliculi
The center of a haversian system
Central (haversian) canal
True or false spongy bone constrains Osteons?
False- it consists of trabeculae surrounding many red bone marrow filled spaces
Blood vessels, lymphatic sand nerves penetrate compact bone through what ?
Perforating canals or Volkmannx canals
In contact bone are Osteons aligned vertically or parallel to the length of the diaphysis ?
Parallel
What type of bone helps to resist stresses and transfer force. Located where not heavy stresses occur but stresses occur from many directions
Spongy bone
Where does hemopoiesis occur in adults
Spongy bone in Hips, ribs, sternum, vertebrae and proximal ends of the humerous and femur
A hole in the center of the diaphysis for an artery
Nutrient foremen
Type of bone formation that forms bone directly in the menenchyme which is arranged in sheet like layers
Intramembranous ossification
Type of bone formation that forms within hyaline cartilage
Enchondral ossification
4 steps to Intramembranous ossification
1) development of ossification center
2) calcification
3) formation of trabeculae
4) development of periosteum
Bone growth resulting I an increase in length
Interstitial (endogenous) growth
Bone growth in thickness is known as ..?
Apposition all (exogenous) growth
4 zones of resting cartilage in order
1) zone of resting cartilage
2) zone of peroliferating cartilage
3) zone of hypertrophic cartilage
4) zone of calcified cartilage
What zone of the epiphyseal growth plate do Chondrichthyes undergo interstitial growth ?
Zone of proliferating cartilage
Name the 6 stages of Enchondral ossification
1) development of cartilage model
2) growth of cartilage
3) development of primary ossification center
4) development of medullary cavity
5) development of secondary ossification center
6) formation of articulating cartilage
Where does the secondary ossification center develop in Enchondral ossification ?
Epiphysis
