Chapter 2: Chemistry Flashcards
The smallest unit of matter is what?
An atom
Major elements in body that make up 96% of mass
Nitrogen Oxygen Carbon and hydrogen
All living and nonliving things in the body that exists in 3 states
Matter
How many chemical elements are normally present in the body ?
26
Within nucleus these are positively charged
Protons
What is an isotope?
Atoms of an element with same number of protons but different neutrons and therefore different mass number
Unstable; their nuclei decay (spontaneously change) into a stable configuration is called what ?
Radioactive isotope
An atom of a positive or negative charge because of unequal protons and electrons
Ion
What is it called when two or more atoms share electrons?
Molecule
What is a compound ?
Two or more different elements joined
What will accelerate chemical bonds, by lowering activation energy ?
Catalyst
How many electrons can the first four shells hold?
1st: 2
2nd: 8
3rd: 18
4th: 18
Weak bonds between molecules
Hydrogen bonds
Energy stored by matter do to its position
Potential energy
Type of reaction that releases more energy then it absorbs
Exergonic reaction
A + B -> AB is what kind of reaction ?
Synthesis reaction
Compound that always contains carbon and hydrogen usually oxygen
Organic compound
This type of synthesis occurs when two simple molecules join together eliminating a water in process
Dehydration synthesis
True or false. The more hydrogen dissolved in a solution the more acidic it Is
True
What is a neutral ph?
PH 7
Anything that dissolves into cation and ion that isn’t H or OH is what ?
Salt
Principle polysaccharide in the human body is what ?
Glycogen
The polar head of the bicipital membrane is hydrophilic or hydrophobic ?
Hydrophilic “water loving”
The tails in a bilipid membrane are polar or non polar ?
Nonpolar
The building blocks of carbohydrate are the monomers ….
Monosaccharides
Acts as a weak base and removes excess H
Bicarbonate ion
Acts as a weak acid and adds H
Carbonic acid
Is an acid a proton donor or acceptor ?
Proton donor
True or false. A base is a Proton acceptor
True
